{"id":90022,"date":"2024-03-25T12:02:13","date_gmt":"2024-03-25T10:02:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=90022"},"modified":"2024-03-25T12:02:13","modified_gmt":"2024-03-25T10:02:13","slug":"cercetatorii-au-gasit-dovezi-in-etiopia-ale-unei-populatii-umane-care-a-supravietuit-eruptiei-supervulcanului-toba-cu-74-000-de-ani-in-urma","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/cercetatorii-au-gasit-dovezi-in-etiopia-ale-unei-populatii-umane-care-a-supravietuit-eruptiei-supervulcanului-toba-cu-74-000-de-ani-in-urma\/","title":{"rendered":"Cercet\u0103torii au g\u0103sit dovezi \u00een Etiopia ale unei popula\u021bii umane care a supravie\u021buit erup\u021biei supervulcanului Toba cu 74.000 de ani \u00een urm\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Cercet\u0103torii care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een Cornul Africii, cunoscut \u0219i sub numele de Peninsula Somalia, au descoperit dovezi care arat\u0103 cum oamenii din epoca de piatr\u0103 au supravie\u021buit \u00een urma erup\u021biei lui Toba, unul dintre cei mai mari supervulcani din istorie, acum aproximativ 74.000 de ani.<\/p>\n

Oamenii moderni s-au dispersat din Africa de mai multe ori, dar evenimentul care a dus la expansiunea global\u0103 a avut loc cu mai pu\u021bin de 100.000 de ani \u00een urm\u0103. Unii cercet\u0103tori presupun c\u0103 dispers\u0103rile au fost limitate la „coridoare verzi” formate \u00een intervalele umede, c\u00e2nd hrana era abundent\u0103 \u0219i popula\u021biile umane s-au extins \u00een pas cu mediul lor. Dar un studiu \u015ftiin\u0163ific publicat \u00een revista „Nature”<\/em><\/strong>, condus de oamenii de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 de la Universitatea Texas din Austin (SUA), sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 oamenii s-ar fi putut dispersa \u0219i \u00een intervale aride de-a lungul „autostr\u0103zilor albastre” create de r\u00e2urile sezoniere. Cercet\u0103torii au g\u0103sit \u0219i unelte de piatr\u0103 care reprezint\u0103 cele mai vechi dovezi ale tirului cu arcul.<\/p>\n

Echipa de cercetare a examinat un sit numit Shinfa-Metema 1, situat \u00een zonele joase din nord-vestul Etiopiei, l\u00e2ng\u0103 r\u00e2ul Shinfa, un afluent al Nilului Albastru. Ei au g\u0103sit dovezi c\u0103 acest sit a fost ocupat \u00eentr-o perioad\u0103 \u00een care devastatorul supervulcan Toba a erupt \u00een Sumatra acum 74.000 de ani. Fragmente mici de sticl\u0103 vulcanic\u0103 sau criptotefra, recuperate din depozitele arheologice, se potriveau cu semn\u0103tura chimic\u0103 a erup\u021biei Toba.<\/p>\n

„Aceste fragmente sunt mai mici dec\u00e2t diametrul unui p\u0103r uman. Chiar \u0219i at\u00e2t de mici, ele sunt \u00eenc\u0103 suficient de mari pentru a analiza chimia \u0219i oligoelementele”<\/em>, a spus John Kappelman, profesor de antropologie \u0219i \u0219tiin\u021be geologice la Universitatea Texas din Austin \u0219i autor principal al studiului. Aceste cioburi microscopice de sticl\u0103 vulcanic\u0103, adesea mai mici dec\u00e2t l\u0103\u021bimea unui p\u0103r uman, pot fi folosite pentru a data \u0219i corela cu precizie siturile arheologice separate de mii de kilometri.<\/p>\n

Supererup\u021bia vulcanic\u0103 a provocat efecte climatice care par s\u0103 fi produs un sezon uscat mai \u00eendelungat, determin\u00e2nd oamenii din zon\u0103 s\u0103 se bazeze \u0219i mai mult pe pe\u0219te. Sc\u0103derea resurselor de ap\u0103 ar fi putut, de asemenea, s\u0103 fi \u00eempins oamenii s\u0103 migreze \u00een alte zone.<\/p>\n

Unii oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 au b\u0103nuit c\u0103 o iarn\u0103 vulcanic\u0103 rezultat\u0103 \u00een urma erup\u021biei a fost o schimbare suficient de mare pentru a distruge majoritatea oamenilor timpurii din cauza dovezilor genetice care sugereaz\u0103 o sc\u0103dere abrupt\u0103 a popula\u021biei umane. Dar acum, acest studiu de ultim\u0103 or\u0103 asupra unui sit arheologic din nord-vestul Etiopiei, ocupat c\u00e2ndva de oamenii moderni timpurii, sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 evenimentul ar fi putut s\u0103 nu fi fost at\u00e2t de apocaliptic.<\/p>\n

Sursa:<\/strong> studiul \u015ftiin\u0163ific „Adaptive foraging behaviours in the Horn of Africa during Toba supereruption” \/ nature.com<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Cercet\u0103torii care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een Cornul Africii, cunoscut \u0219i sub numele de Peninsula Somalia, au descoperit dovezi care arat\u0103 cum oamenii din epoca de piatr\u0103 au supravie\u021buit \u00een urma erup\u021biei lui Toba, unul dintre cei mai mari supervulcani din istorie, acum … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":90023,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1770],"tags":[235,6939,7452,1575,9807,3558,57,1169,3042,2364,2871,23,5181,12151,1089,18793,2250],"class_list":["post-90022","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geografie-feologie","tag-africa","tag-austin","tag-eruptie-vulcanica","tag-etiopia","tag-geografie-geologie","tag-nil","tag-oameni","tag-par","tag-rau","tag-revista","tag-somalia","tag-sua","tag-sumatra","tag-supervulcan","tag-texas","tag-toba","tag-universitate","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nCercet\u0103torii au g\u0103sit dovezi \u00een Etiopia ale unei popula\u021bii umane care a supravie\u021buit erup\u021biei supervulcanului Toba cu 74.000 de ani \u00een urm\u0103 - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/cercetatorii-au-gasit-dovezi-in-etiopia-ale-unei-populatii-umane-care-a-supravietuit-eruptiei-supervulcanului-toba-cu-74-000-de-ani-in-urma\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cercet\u0103torii au g\u0103sit dovezi \u00een Etiopia ale unei popula\u021bii umane care a supravie\u021buit erup\u021biei supervulcanului Toba cu 74.000 de ani \u00een urm\u0103\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cercet\u0103torii care lucreaz\u0103 \u00een Cornul Africii, cunoscut \u0219i sub numele de Peninsula Somalia, au descoperit dovezi care arat\u0103 cum oamenii din epoca de piatr\u0103 au supravie\u021buit \u00een urma erup\u021biei lui Toba, unul dintre cei mai mari supervulcani din istorie, acum ... 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