{"id":88531,"date":"2023-11-20T19:27:06","date_gmt":"2023-11-20T17:27:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=88531"},"modified":"2023-11-20T19:28:31","modified_gmt":"2023-11-20T17:28:31","slug":"acum-4-000-de-ani-sumerienii-au-inventat-o-tehnologie-inovatoare-impotriva-secetei-pentru-a-lupta-impotriva-armaghedonului-agricol","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/acum-4-000-de-ani-sumerienii-au-inventat-o-tehnologie-inovatoare-impotriva-secetei-pentru-a-lupta-impotriva-armaghedonului-agricol\/","title":{"rendered":"Acum 4.000 de ani, sumerienii au inventat o tehnologie inovatoare \u00eempotriva secetei, pentru a evita „Armaghedonul agricol”"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Situat l\u00e2ng\u0103 ora\u0219ul modern Nasiriyah, \u00een sudul Irakului, ora\u0219ul antic Girsu a fost ocupat de civiliza\u021bia sumerian\u0103 din mileniul III \u00ee.Hr. O lucrare arheologic\u0103 recent\u0103 a Muzeului Britanic din Irak a dezv\u0103luit o structur\u0103 misterioas\u0103, care \u00een anii 1920 a fost interpretat\u0103 ca un templu cu form\u0103 neobi\u0219nuit\u0103. Cu toate acestea, acum s-a ajuns la concluzia c\u0103 descoperirea reprezint\u0103 o ma\u0219in\u0103rie inovatoare de salvare a civiliza\u021biei, veche de 4.000 de ani, mai precis o ma\u0219in\u0103rie unic\u0103 \u00eempotriva secetei.<\/p>\n

Muzeul Britanic descrie dispozitivul antic ca un „canal” care a fost folosit pentru a livra ap\u0103 pentru agricultur\u0103 \u00een loca\u021bii \u00eendep\u0103rtate. Ebru Torun, un arhitect care lucreaz\u0103 cu arheologii Muzeului Britanic din Irak, a spus c\u0103 un asemenea dispozitiv reprezint\u0103 ceva unic \u00een istorie, astfel de tehnologii neap\u0103r\u00e2nd dec\u00e2t la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul secolului al 18-lea, deci acum 230 de ani, nu circa 4.000 de ani – c\u00e2t are dispozitivul sumerian! Cu toate acestea, vechii sumerieni au inventat o ma\u0219in\u0103rie \u00eempotriva secetei, fiind o \u00eencercare disperat\u0103 de a evita „Armaghedonul agricol”.<\/p>\n

Sumerul antic este asociat cu apari\u021bia primei civiliza\u021bii din lume \u0219i a primei scrieri din lume. Pe m\u0103sur\u0103 ce civiliza\u021bia s-a extins, cre\u0219terea popula\u021biei depindea de mai mult\u0103 ap\u0103 pentru supravie\u021buire. Acest lucru a fost realizat prin redirec\u021bionarea apei din fluviile Tigru \u0219i Eufrat \u00een canale, care alimentau f\u00e2nt\u00e2nile \u0219i rezervoarele din centrele popula\u021biei. \u00cens\u0103, la un moment dat, n-au fost de ajuns nici toate acestea, a\u015fa c\u0103, \u00eentr-o ultim\u0103 \u00eencercare disperat\u0103 de a se salva, a fost creat o „ma\u015fin\u0103rie anti-secet\u0103”.<\/p>\n

Scrierile antice sumeriene descriu ritualuri complexe de sacrificii f\u0103cute \u00een onoarea zeilor fertilit\u0103\u021bii \u0219i apei. Sacrificiile implicau oferirea de animale pentru a c\u0103uta ajutor divin; aceste ritualuri urm\u0103reau s\u0103 men\u021bin\u0103 favoarea zeilor \u0219i s\u0103 stabileasc\u0103 o leg\u0103tur\u0103 armonioas\u0103 \u00eentre sumerieni \u0219i zeit\u0103\u021bile lor.<\/p>\n

\u00cen jurul anului 2000 \u00ee.Hr., \u00eens\u0103, zeii au \u00eencetat s\u0103 mai r\u0103spund\u0103 la ritualurile tradi\u021bionale ale sumerienilor. V\u0103z\u00e2nd c\u0103 f\u00e2nt\u00e2nile \u015fi canalele lor se usuc\u0103, oamenii din Girsu au fost inspira\u021bi s\u0103 inventeze, s\u0103 proiecteze \u0219i apoi s\u0103 construiasc\u0103 dou\u0103 structuri simetrice din c\u0103r\u0103mid\u0103. M\u0103sur\u00e2nd 40 de metri lungime, 10 metri l\u0103\u021bime \u0219i 3,3 metri \u00een\u0103l\u021bime, structurile aveau dou\u0103 canale curbe opuse, orientate spre exterior. Echipa de oameni de \u0219tiin\u021b\u0103 a explorat cu drone \u00eentreaga zon\u0103 \u0219i a stabilit c\u0103 ma\u015fin\u0103ria a fost pozi\u021bionat\u0103 pe un canal lung de 19 kilometri. \u0218i pentru c\u0103 dispozitivul se \u00eentinde pe o cale navigabil\u0103, este numit „cel mai vechi pod cunoscut din lume”. P\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een prezent, titlul de cel mai vechi pod din lume este cel mai adesea asociat cu Jisr al-Hajar Hajirah, sau Podul Caravanelor, din Edessa (actuala Urfa) – Turcia, care dateaz\u0103 din jurul anului 850 \u00ee.Hr.<\/p>\n

Structura salvatoare \u00eendrepta canalul lung \u00eentr-un pasaj lat de 5 metri, cre\u00e2nd ceea ce cercet\u0103torii numesc „efectul Venturi”, care a fost descris abia la sf\u00e2r\u0219itul secolului al XVIII-lea. „Efectul Venturi” reprezint\u0103 reducerea presiunii \u00een fluid care rezult\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd un fluid care curge printr-o sec\u021biune \u00eengust\u0103 (sau strangula\u021bie) a unei \u021bevi. „Efectul Venturi” a fost numit dup\u0103 Giovanni Battista Venturi (1746-1822), un fizician italian care l-a descris.<\/p>\n

Canalul Girsu a fost construit de ultimii oameni care tr\u0103iau \u00een Girsu, ce au \u00eencercat s\u0103 \u00eemping\u0103 apa \u00een regiuni agricole \u00eendep\u0103rtate din aval, inclusiv capitala administrativ\u0103 Lagash, \u00eentr-o \u00eencercare disperat\u0103 de a evita „Armaghedonul agricol”. Schimbarea climei din al doilea mileniu \u00ee.Hr. a modificat cursurile tradi\u021bionale ale fluviilor mesopotamiene \u00een jurul c\u0103rora au \u00eenflorit comunit\u0103\u021bile. Cu toate acestea, \u00een fa\u021ba abandonului de c\u0103tre zei, ingeniozitatea sumerian\u0103 a crescut, iar aceast\u0103 descoperire reprezint\u0103 na\u0219terea unei noi genera\u021bii de tehnologii hidraulice.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Situat l\u00e2ng\u0103 ora\u0219ul modern Nasiriyah, \u00een sudul Irakului, ora\u0219ul antic Girsu a fost ocupat de civiliza\u021bia sumerian\u0103 din mileniul III \u00ee.Hr. O lucrare arheologic\u0103 recent\u0103 a Muzeului Britanic din Irak a dezv\u0103luit o structur\u0103 misterioas\u0103, care \u00een anii 1920 a … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":88537,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[4658,601,4748,6821,3016,7780,1928,2048,3718,13633,1532,268,151,3100,7504,9421,1166,1466,1927,269,18584,4429],"class_list":["post-88531","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-agricultura","tag-apa","tag-arheolog","tag-arhitect","tag-canal","tag-drone","tag-eufrat","tag-fizician","tag-fluviu","tag-irak","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-muzeu","tag-oras","tag-pod","tag-seceta","tag-sumer","tag-sumerieni","tag-templu","tag-tigru","tag-turcia","tag-venturi","tag-zei","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nAcum 4.000 de ani, sumerienii au inventat o tehnologie inovatoare \u00eempotriva secetei, pentru a evita "Armaghedonul agricol" - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/acum-4-000-de-ani-sumerienii-au-inventat-o-tehnologie-inovatoare-impotriva-secetei-pentru-a-lupta-impotriva-armaghedonului-agricol\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Acum 4.000 de ani, sumerienii au inventat o tehnologie inovatoare \u00eempotriva secetei, pentru a evita "Armaghedonul agricol"\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Situat l\u00e2ng\u0103 ora\u0219ul modern Nasiriyah, \u00een sudul Irakului, ora\u0219ul antic Girsu a fost ocupat de civiliza\u021bia sumerian\u0103 din mileniul III \u00ee.Hr. 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