{"id":87391,"date":"2023-08-18T17:12:03","date_gmt":"2023-08-18T14:12:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=87391"},"modified":"2023-08-18T17:12:03","modified_gmt":"2023-08-18T14:12:03","slug":"minunata-planta-ce-creste-doar-in-muntii-carpati-bujorul-de-munte-sau-ruja-muntilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/minunata-planta-ce-creste-doar-in-muntii-carpati-bujorul-de-munte-sau-ruja-muntilor\/","title":{"rendered":"Minunata plant\u0103 ce cre\u015fte doar \u00een Mun\u0163ii Carpa\u0163i: bujorul de munte sau &#8222;ruja mun\u0163ilor&#8221;"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure id=\"attachment_87392\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-87392\" style=\"width: 339px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bujorul-de-munte.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"size-full wp-image-87392\" src=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bujorul-de-munte.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"349\" height=\"262\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bujorul-de-munte.jpg 349w, https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bujorul-de-munte-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/08\/bujorul-de-munte-200x150.jpg 200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 349px) 100vw, 349px\" \/><\/a><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-87392\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><strong>Imagine:<\/strong> <a href=\"https:\/\/ro.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Sm%C3%A2rdar#\/media\/Fi%C8%99ier:5Flora.jpg\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><strong>wikipedia.org<\/strong><\/a> (Commons Creative &#8211; free)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p>Cine nu a fost niciodat\u0103 la munte la marile \u00een\u0103l\u0163imi, pe la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lui iunie ori \u00eenceputul lui iulie, nu are de unde cunoa\u015fte aceast\u0103 frumoas\u0103 plant\u0103. <strong>Bujorul de munte<\/strong>, denumit \u015ftiin\u0163ific <em>Rhododendron kotschyi<\/em>, dup\u0103 numele descoperitorului s\u0103u, botanistul austriac Kotschy, tr\u0103ie\u015fte \u00eentr-o singur\u0103 regiune de pe glob &#8211; zona \u00eenalt\u0103, subalpin\u0103 din Mun\u0163ii Carpati &#8211; Mun\u0163ii Retezat, F\u0103g\u0103ra\u015f, Bucegi sau Rodnei. El urc\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la 2.200 &#8211; 2.300 metri altitudine.<\/p>\n<p>Patria genului <em>Rhododendron<\/em> este Asia sud-estic\u0103 \u015fi arhipelagul indonezian, botani\u015ftii identific\u00e2nd aici peste 70 specii de rododendron cu flori mai mici sau mai mari, colorate \u00een felurite nuan\u0163e \u015fi cu \u00een\u0103ltimi de la 0,5 metri, cele ale tufelor pitice, p\u00e2n\u0103 la arbori de 15 metri. \u00cen Europa, glacia\u0163iile din cuaternar au redus num\u0103rul speciilor la 7, toate \u00eenrudite \u00eentre ele. \u00cen Mun\u0163ii Scandinaviei se afl\u0103 bujorul pitic de munte, <em>Rh. lapponicum<\/em>, cu tulpinile str\u00e2ns lipite de st\u00e2nci \u015fi numai cu florile \u00eendreptate \u00een sus.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen b\u0103taia v\u00e2ntului, \u00een lan\u0163urile muntoase ale Pirineilor, Alpilor \u015fi Carpa\u0163ilor, tr\u0103iesc trei specii de bujor de munte, cu florile roz sau roz-violacee \u015fi cu \u00een\u0103l\u0163ime scund\u0103, ce nu dep\u0103\u015fe\u015fte 0,5 metri. \u00cen \u0163ara noastr\u0103, men\u0163ion\u0103m specia endemic\u0103 amintit\u0103, <em>Rhododendron kotschyi<\/em>. Se recunoa\u015fte u\u015for prin tufele rotunde, cu frunzele groase, pieloase \u015fi netede pe margini. V\u00e2rful fiec\u0103rei ramuri se termin\u0103 cu un buchet de flori, relativ mici \u00een compara\u0163ie cu cele ale speciilor asiatice, de culoare roz-liliachie \u015fi parfum discret de flori de vi\u015fin. Planta, fiind \u00eentr-o anumit\u0103 m\u0103sur\u0103 toxic\u0103, nu este p\u0103scut\u0103 nici de vite, nici de oi, nici de capra neagr\u0103. \u00cen schimb, ceaiul din flori are arom\u0103 \u015fi calit\u0103\u0163i u\u015for diuretice.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen Mun\u0163ii Alpi exist\u0103 dou\u0103 specii \u00eenrudite cu bujorul nostru de munte. <em>Rh. ferrugineum<\/em>, denumit a\u015fa deoarece pe dosul frunzelor sale are o pist\u0103 de peri ro\u015fca\u0163i, tr\u0103ie\u015fte numai pe rocile acide, silicioase din Mun\u0163ii Alpi p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een Mun\u0163ii Pirinei. <em>Rh. hirsutum<\/em>, cu frunzele prev\u0103zute cu peri lungi \u015fi albi, se afl\u0103 \u00een Mun\u0163ii Alpi, numai pe st\u00e2ncile de calcar. \u00cen Mun\u0163ii Caucaz \u015fi \u00een jurul M\u0103rii Mediterane mai tr\u0103iesc trei specii inrudite de <em>Rhododendron<\/em>. Una se \u00eent\u00e2lne\u015fte doar \u00een Mun\u0163ii Caucaz: <em>Rh. caucasicum<\/em>, cu florile albe. Alta se afl\u0103 at\u00e2t \u00een Mun\u0163ii Caucaz, c\u00e2t \u015fi \u00een cei din Asia Mic\u0103; datorit\u0103 florilor sale galbene se nume\u015fte <em>Rh. luteum<\/em>. \u00cen fine, a treia specie &#8211; descoperit\u0103 pentru prima dat\u0103 \u00een zonele muntoase, situate la r\u0103s\u0103rit de Marea Neagr\u0103 a fost denumit\u0103 <em>Rh. ponticum<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>\u00cen Rom\u00e2nia, bujorul de munte sau sm\u00e2rdarul este o specie ocrotita, fiind endemic\u0103, proprie Mun\u0163ilor Carpati. \u00cen zona subalpin\u0103 a Mun\u0163ilor Carpati, bujorul de munte formeaz\u0103 asocia\u0163ii de plante originale, care nu se g\u0103sesc \u00een alt\u0103 parte pe glob. \u00cen afara ra\u0163iunii \u015ftiin\u0163ifice, ocrotirea bujorului de munte are \u015fi motiva\u0163ii de ordin estetic \u015fi afectiv. \u00centr-adev\u0103r, tufa \u00een plin\u0103 floare confer\u0103 un colorit specific plaiurilor noastre de munte, cre\u00e2nd o ambian\u0163\u0103 proprie, de neg\u0103sit \u00een alt\u0103 parte. Nu degeaba ciobanii no\u015ftri i-au dat denumiri at\u00e2t de frumoase ca &#8222;bujor de munte&#8221;, &#8222;sm\u00e2rdar&#8221;, &#8222;trandafira\u015f de munte&#8221; sau &#8222;ruja mun\u0163ilor&#8221;<\/p>\n<p>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Cine nu a fost niciodat\u0103 la munte la marile \u00een\u0103l\u0163imi, pe la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lui iunie ori \u00eenceputul lui iulie, nu are de unde cunoa\u015fte aceast\u0103 frumoas\u0103 plant\u0103. Bujorul de munte, denumit \u015ftiin\u0163ific Rhododendron kotschyi, dup\u0103 numele descoperitorului s\u0103u, botanistul austriac &#8230; <\/p>\n<p class=\"read-more-container\"><a title=\"Minunata plant\u0103 ce cre\u015fte doar \u00een Mun\u0163ii Carpa\u0163i: bujorul de munte sau &#8222;ruja mun\u0163ilor&#8221;\" class=\"read-more button\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/minunata-planta-ce-creste-doar-in-muntii-carpati-bujorul-de-munte-sau-ruja-muntilor\/#more-87391\" aria-label=\"Cite\u0219te mai multe despre Minunata plant\u0103 ce cre\u015fte doar \u00een Mun\u0163ii Carpa\u0163i: bujorul de munte sau &#8222;ruja mun\u0163ilor&#8221;\">Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":87392,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[2270,11868,18430,18454,80,878,815,18456,4065,4066,18455,8978,4007,5416,11903,18457,9800,1895,2156,74,4840],"class_list":["post-87391","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-natura-animale","tag-asia","tag-botanist","tag-bujori","tag-bujorul-de-munte","tag-capra-neagra","tag-flori","tag-munti","tag-munti-alpi","tag-muntii-bucegi","tag-muntii-carpati","tag-muntii-caucaz","tag-muntii-fagaras","tag-muntii-pirinei","tag-muntii-retezat","tag-muntii-rodnei","tag-muntii-scandinaviei","tag-natura-animale","tag-oi","tag-planta","tag-romania","tag-vite","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO Premium plugin v23.3 (Yoast SEO v27.4) - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-premium-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Minunata plant\u0103 ce cre\u015fte doar \u00een Mun\u0163ii Carpa\u0163i: bujorul de munte sau &quot;ruja mun\u0163ilor&quot; - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/minunata-planta-ce-creste-doar-in-muntii-carpati-bujorul-de-munte-sau-ruja-muntilor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Minunata plant\u0103 ce cre\u015fte doar \u00een Mun\u0163ii Carpa\u0163i: bujorul de munte sau &quot;ruja mun\u0163ilor&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Cine nu a fost niciodat\u0103 la munte la marile \u00een\u0103l\u0163imi, pe la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul lui iunie ori \u00eenceputul lui iulie, nu are de unde cunoa\u015fte aceast\u0103 frumoas\u0103 plant\u0103. 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Bujorul de munte, denumit \u015ftiin\u0163ific Rhododendron kotschyi, dup\u0103 numele descoperitorului s\u0103u, botanistul austriac ... 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