{"id":84388,"date":"2023-02-13T12:05:13","date_gmt":"2023-02-13T10:05:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=84388"},"modified":"2023-02-13T12:05:13","modified_gmt":"2023-02-13T10:05:13","slug":"scrisori-secrete-decodificate-ale-reginei-mary-a-scotiei-au-fost-dezvaluite-pentru-prima-data-dupa-450-de-ani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/scrisori-secrete-decodificate-ale-reginei-mary-a-scotiei-au-fost-dezvaluite-pentru-prima-data-dupa-450-de-ani\/","title":{"rendered":"Scrisori secrete, decodificate ale reginei Mary a Sco\u0163iei au fost dezv\u0103luite pentru prima dat\u0103 dup\u0103 450 de ani"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Imagine:<\/strong> wikimedia.org<\/strong><\/a> (Commons Creative – free)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Scrisori secrete, codificate, scrise de Mary, regina Sco\u021biei, \u00een timp ce era \u00eenchis\u0103 \u00een Anglia de c\u0103tre veri\u0219oara ei, regina Elisabeta I, au fost descoperite de o echip\u0103 interna\u0163ional\u0103 multidisciplinar\u0103, specializat\u0103 \u00een decodificare.<\/p>\n

De secole, s-a crezut c\u0103 tot con\u021binutul scrisorilor s-a pierdut. Asta p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd George Lasry, un informatician \u0219i criptograf, Norbert Biermann, pianist \u0219i profesor de muzic\u0103, \u0219i Satoshi Tomokiyo, care fizician \u0219i expert \u00een brevete, au reu\u015fit s\u0103 rezolve problema, dup\u0103 ce au c\u0103utat \u00een Biblioteca Na\u021bional\u0103 a Fran\u021bei (BNF) – arhiva online pentru documente cifrate.<\/p>\n

Trio-ul a descoperit c\u0103 regina Mary era autoarea scrisorilor, doar dup\u0103 ce au rezolvat sistemul sofisticat de cifrare. Lucrarea lor de decodificare a 57 de scrisori, care este prezentat\u0103 \u00een revista „Cryptologia”<\/em><\/strong>, dezv\u0103luie aproximativ 50 de noi scrisori, necunoscute anterior istoricilor. Acestea dateaz\u0103 din 1578 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1584, cu c\u00e2\u021biva ani \u00eenainte de decapitarea ei, care a avut loc pe 8 februarie 1587.<\/p>\n

Coresponden\u021bele reginei Mary expun perspective fascinante despre captivitatea ei. Cele mai multe sunt adresate lui Michel de Castelnau de Mauvissi\u00e8re, ambasadorul Fran\u021bei \u00een Anglia. El a fost un sus\u021bin\u0103tor al lui Mary, care se afla sub custodia contelui de Shrewsbury c\u00e2nd le-a scris.<\/p>\n

„La descifrarea scrisorilor, am fost foarte nedumerit”<\/em>, a spus autorul principal al cercet\u0103rii, Lasry, care face, de asemenea, parte din proiectul multidisciplinar DECRYPT ce implic\u0103 mai multe universit\u0103\u021bi din Europa, cu scopul de a cartografia, digitaliza, transcriere \u0219i descifra documentele cifrate istorice.<\/p>\n

„Am descifrat anterior mai multe texte secrete de la regi \u0219i regine, dar \u00een cazul reginei Mary a Sco\u0163iei lucrurile au fost remarcabile, deoarece am avut at\u00e2t de multe scrisori nepublicate descifrate. Aceasta este o descoperire cu adev\u0103rat interesant\u0103”<\/em>.<\/p>\n

\u00cempreun\u0103, scrisorile reprezint\u0103 un corp voluminos de material nou despre Mary Stuart – aproximativ 50.000 de cuvinte \u00een total, arunc\u00e2nd o lumin\u0103 nou\u0103 asupra unora dintre anii ei de captivitate \u00een Anglia. Mary, regina Sco\u021biei, a l\u0103sat mai multe scrisori, p\u0103strate \u00een diferite arhive. Totu\u0219i, existau dovezi anterioare c\u0103 din acele colec\u021bii lipseau alte scrisori ale lui Mary Stuart, cum ar fi cele men\u021bionate \u00een alte surse, dar care nu au fost g\u0103site \u00een alt\u0103 parte. Scrisorile descifrate de echipa de cercet\u0103tori fac parte, cel mai probabil, din aceast\u0103 coresponden\u021b\u0103 secret\u0103 pierdut\u0103.<\/p>\n

Una dintre cele mai faimoase figuri istorice din secolul al XVI-lea, Mary a Sco\u0163iei era prima \u00een linia de succesiune la tronul Angliei, dup\u0103 veri\u0219oara ei, Elisabeta. Catolicii au considerat-o pe Mary ca fiind suverana legitim\u0103, Elisabeta \u0163in\u00e2nd-o \u00een \u00eenchisoare timp de 19 ani, pentru c\u0103 era v\u0103zut\u0103 ca o amenin\u021bare. Mary a fost \u00een cele din urm\u0103 executat\u0103 la v\u00e2rsta de 44 de ani pentru presupusa ei participare \u00eentr-un complot de ucidere a reginei Elisabeta.<\/p>\n

\u00cen timpul petrecut \u00een captivitate, Mary a comunicat cu alia\u021bii ei, \u00eencerc\u00e2nd s\u0103 p\u0103streze secretul coresponden\u0163ei. Existen\u021ba unui canal de comunicare confiden\u021bial \u00eentre Mary \u0219i ambasadorul Castelnau este binecunoscut\u0103 istoricilor \u0219i chiar guvernului englez de la acea vreme.<\/p>\n

Dar Lasry \u0219i colegii s\u0103i ofer\u0103 noi dovezi c\u0103 acest schimb era deja activ \u00eenc\u0103 din mai 1578 \u0219i a durat p\u00e2n\u0103 la mijlocul anului 1584. Folosind tehnici computerizate \u0219i manuale, autorii studiului au decodat scrisorile, care arat\u0103 provoc\u0103rile cu care s-a confruntat Mary \u00een men\u021binerea leg\u0103turilor cu lumea exterioar\u0103.<\/p>\n

Temele cheie la care se face referire \u00een coresponden\u021ba lui Mary includ pl\u00e2ngeri cu privire la s\u0103n\u0103tatea ei precar\u0103 \u0219i condi\u021biile de captivitate, dar \u0219i negocierile ei cu regina Elisabeta I pentru eliberarea ei, despre care ea crede c\u0103 nu sunt desf\u0103\u0219urate cu bun\u0103-credin\u021b\u0103.<\/p>\n

Ne\u00eencrederea ei fa\u021b\u0103 de maestrul spion al lui Elizabeth, Sir Francis Walsingham, este, de asemenea, evident\u0103, precum \u0219i animozitatea ei pentru Robert Dudley, conte de Leicester \u0219i favoritul reginei Angliei. Mary \u00ee\u0219i exprim\u0103, de asemenea, suferin\u021ba atunci c\u00e2nd fiul ei James (viitorul rege James I al Angliei) este r\u0103pit \u00een august 1582 \u0219i sentimentul ei este c\u0103 au fost abandona\u021bi de Fran\u021ba.<\/p>\n

Cercetarea \u015ftiin\u0163ific\u0103 a dezv\u0103luit faptul c\u0103 noile scrisori se aflau \u00eentr-un set mare de documente nemarcate, folosind \u00eens\u0103 acela\u0219i set de simboluri grafice. Catalogul BNF le considera. ca fiind „italiene”. Cu toate acestea, autorii studiului spun c\u0103 \u0219i-au dat seama rapid c\u0103 au fost scrise \u00een limba francez\u0103 \u0219i c\u0103 ele nu aveau nimic de-a face cu Italia.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Scrisori secrete, codificate, scrise de Mary, regina Sco\u021biei, \u00een timp ce era \u00eenchis\u0103 \u00een Anglia de c\u0103tre veri\u0219oara ei, regina Elisabeta I, au fost descoperite de o echip\u0103 interna\u0163ional\u0103 multidisciplinar\u0103, specializat\u0103 \u00een decodificare. De secole, s-a crezut c\u0103 tot con\u021binutul … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":84389,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[2272,120,18111,197,112,63,341,202,4464,164,1532,86,2291,1908,1702,453,1593,2364,774,611,2250],"class_list":["post-84388","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-ambasador","tag-anglia","tag-biblioteca-nationala-a-frantei","tag-conte","tag-decapitare","tag-elisabeta-i","tag-europa","tag-franta","tag-guvern","tag-inchisoare","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-italia","tag-james-i","tag-limba-franceza","tag-mary-stuart","tag-rege","tag-regina","tag-revista","tag-scotia","tag-scrisoare","tag-universitate","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nScrisori secrete, decodificate ale reginei Mary a Sco\u0163iei au fost dezv\u0103luite pentru prima dat\u0103 dup\u0103 450 de ani - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/scrisori-secrete-decodificate-ale-reginei-mary-a-scotiei-au-fost-dezvaluite-pentru-prima-data-dupa-450-de-ani\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Scrisori secrete, decodificate ale reginei Mary a Sco\u0163iei au fost dezv\u0103luite pentru prima dat\u0103 dup\u0103 450 de ani\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Scrisori secrete, codificate, scrise de Mary, regina Sco\u021biei, \u00een timp ce era \u00eenchis\u0103 \u00een Anglia de c\u0103tre veri\u0219oara ei, regina Elisabeta I, au fost descoperite de o echip\u0103 interna\u0163ional\u0103 multidisciplinar\u0103, specializat\u0103 \u00een decodificare. 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De secole, s-a crezut c\u0103 tot con\u021binutul ... 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