{"id":83743,"date":"2022-12-15T14:56:21","date_gmt":"2022-12-15T12:56:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=83743"},"modified":"2022-12-15T14:56:21","modified_gmt":"2022-12-15T12:56:21","slug":"unde-a-disparut-insula-antilia-insula-celor-7-orase-de-aur-ea-se-gasea-in-mijlocul-oceanului-atlantic-si-poate-ca-era-o-ramasita-a-atlantidei","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/unde-a-disparut-insula-antilia-insula-celor-7-orase-de-aur-ea-se-gasea-in-mijlocul-oceanului-atlantic-si-poate-ca-era-o-ramasita-a-atlantidei\/","title":{"rendered":"Unde a disp\u0103rut Insula Antilia, „insula celor 7 ora\u015fe de aur”? Ea se g\u0103sea \u00een mijlocul Oceanului Atlantic \u015fi poate c\u0103 era o r\u0103m\u0103\u015fi\u0163\u0103 a Atlantidei…"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>\u00cen 711, maurii din nordul Africii au traversat str\u00e2mtoarea Gibraltar \u0219i au invadat peninsula Iberic\u0103. Condus\u0103 de generalul Tariq ibn Ziyad, aceast\u0103 for\u021b\u0103 masiv\u0103 a purtat o campanie de 8 ani, zdrobind armatele cre\u0219tine vizigote \u0219i aduc\u00e2nd cea mai mare parte a Spaniei \u0219i Portugaliei moderne sub st\u0103p\u00e2nire islamic\u0103. Maurii au \u00eencercat s\u0103 treac\u0103 \u015fi peste Pirinei, \u00eens\u0103 au fost zdrobi\u0163i de armatele francilor condu\u0219i de Charles Martel, \u00een b\u0103t\u0103lia de la Poitiers din 732.<\/p>\n

Pe atunci, o legend\u0103 ciudat\u0103 a ap\u0103rut: un grup de 7 episcopi cre\u0219tini au reu\u0219it s\u0103 fug\u0103 de mauri. Ei au traversat Atlanticul, refugiindu-se \u00een cele din urm\u0103 pe o insul\u0103 \u00eendep\u0103rtat\u0103 cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de „Antilia”. Acolo, sfin\u021bii au decis s\u0103 \u00ee\u0219i stabileasc\u0103 re\u0219edin\u021ba \u0219i fiecare \u0219i-a construit un ora\u0219 de aur magnific. Aceasta i-a dat insulei cel\u0103lalt nume: „Insula celor 7 ora\u0219e”.<\/p>\n

Cum s-au descurcat episcopii pe insul\u0103 nu se \u0219tie, pentru c\u0103 nu se face nicio men\u021biune despre Antilia timp de alte 7 secole, p\u00e2n\u0103 c\u00e2nd a \u00eenceput s\u0103 apar\u0103 pe h\u0103r\u021bi precum cea din 1424 a cartografului vene\u021bian Pizzigano. Aici, Antilia este \u00eenf\u0103\u021bi\u0219at\u0103 ca un bloc mare, dreptunghiular, cu 7 ora\u0219e care \u00eei \u00eempodobesc coastele: Asay, Ary, Vra, Jaysos, Marnlio, Ansuly \u0219i Cyodne. Se presupunea c\u0103 vasta insul\u0103 era situat\u0103 \u00een Atlanticul de Nord, la 1200 km vest de Portugalia, la latitudinea Gibraltarului.<\/p>\n

Originea numelui s\u0103u este la fel de misterioas\u0103, dar se crede c\u0103 deriv\u0103 de la „anteilha”<\/em>, care \u00eenseamn\u0103 „insula opus\u0103”<\/em>, posibil pentru c\u0103 se credea c\u0103 se afl\u0103 vizavi de coasta portughez\u0103. (Numele va fi ulterior aplicat Insulelor Antile.)<\/p>\n

Dimensiunea considerabil\u0103 a insulei a f\u0103cut-o atractiv\u0103 pentru exploratori: Prin\u021bul Henric al Portugaliei (1394\u20131460), mai cunoscut sub numele de Henric Navigatorul, a trimis un c\u0103pitan pe nume Diogo de Teive \u0219i pe nobilul spaniol Pedro de Velasco \u00een 1452, pentru a naviga de pe insula Fayal din Azore \u0219i a merge spre sud-vest \u0219i nord-vest \u00een c\u0103utarea Antiliei. Expedi\u0163ia nu a descoperit insula mitic\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cens\u0103, misiunea nu a fost \u00eens\u0103 o pierdere total\u0103: \u00een timpul c\u0103l\u0103toriei lor, cei doi au descoperit Corvo \u0219i Flores, dou\u0103 insule exterioare ale Insulelor Azore.<\/p>\n

\u00centr-o scrisoare c\u0103tre Ferman Martins din 1474, astronomul italian Paulo Toscanelli \u0219i-a declarat siguran\u021ba c\u0103 insula Antilia ar putea fi g\u0103sit\u0103 la 50 de grade est de Cipangu (Japonia) \u0219i a recomandat-o ca punct de referin\u021b\u0103 atunci c\u00e2nd se c\u0103l\u0103tore\u015fte spre Cathay (China).<\/p>\n

Apoi, \u00een 1486, regele Joao al II-lea al Portugaliei i-a dat permisiunea lui Fernao Dulmo s\u0103 localizeze \u0219i s\u0103 revendice „Insula celor 7 ora\u0219e” \u00een numele s\u0103u. Dulmo nu a dat dec\u00e2t peste o mul\u0163ime de furtuni.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Marele Cristofor Columb, de asemenea, a crezut \u00een existen\u021ba Antiliei \u0219i a considerat insula un punct de oprire util pe drumul c\u0103tre Indii. \u00cenregistr\u0103rile din jurnalul s\u0103u de c\u0103l\u0103torie din 1492 sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 se a\u0219tepta s\u0103 o g\u0103seasc\u0103 la 28\u00b0N. Aceasta s-ar fi bazat pe pozi\u021bia dat\u0103 de Martin Behaim, care \u00een acela\u0219i an f\u0103cuse prima men\u021biune cartografic\u0103 a insulei pe globul s\u0103u „Erdapfel”, cu nota: „\u00cen anul 734 dup\u0103 Hristos, c\u00e2nd toat\u0103 Spania a fost invadat\u0103 de p\u0103g\u00e2nii africani, aceast\u0103 insul\u0103 Antilia, numit\u0103 \u0219i Insula celor 7 ora\u0219e, a fost populat\u0103 de arhiepiscopul de Porto, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu al\u021bi 6 episcopi \u0219i anumi\u021bi \u00eenso\u021bitori, b\u0103rba\u021bi \u0219i femei, care au fugit. din Spania cu vitele \u0219i bunurile lor. \u00cen anul 1414, o nav\u0103 spaniol\u0103 s-a apropiat foarte aproape de aceast\u0103 insul\u0103”.<\/em><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1508, Johannes Ruysch a furnizat detalii suplimentare pe harta sa: „Aceast\u0103 insul\u0103 Antilia a fost g\u0103sit\u0103 c\u00e2ndva de portughezi, dar acum, c\u00e2nd este c\u0103utat\u0103, nu poate fi g\u0103sit\u0103. Oamenii de aici vorbesc limba hispanic\u0103 \u0219i se crede c\u0103 au fugit aici \u00een fa\u021ba unei invazii barbare a Hispaniei, pe vremea regelui Roderic, ultimul care a guvernat Hispania \u00een epoca go\u021bilor. Exista aici un arhiepiscop \u0219i al\u021bi 6 episcopi, fiecare dintre ei av\u00e2nd propriul ora\u0219; \u0219i a\u0219a este numit\u0103 insula celor 7 ora\u0219e. Oamenii tr\u0103iesc aici \u00een modul cel mai cre\u0219tin, cu toate bog\u0103\u021biile acestui secol”.<\/em><\/p>\n

Hernando Col\u00f3n, fiul lui Columb, a fost \u0219i el fascinat de Antilla. El sugereaz\u0103 \u00een mod conving\u0103tor \u00een „Historia del Almirante”<\/em><\/strong> (1571) c\u0103 exodul episcopilor a avut loc \u00een 714, nu 734, ceea ce ar fi mai aproape de anul domniei regelui Roderic, \u00een 711. El mai scrie c\u0103 sfin\u021bii \u0219i-au ars cor\u0103biile la sosirea la Antilia, ca s\u0103 nu se g\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 vreodat\u0103 s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103 \u00een Hispania. Cum \u0219i-a g\u0103sit povestea episcopilor exila\u021bi drumul c\u0103tre continent? Col\u00f3n relateaz\u0103 c\u0103, \u00een timpul domniei Prin\u021bului Henric, o nav\u0103 lovit\u0103 de o furtun\u0103, a ajuns \u00een Antilia.<\/p>\n

Ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat cu aceast\u0103 insul\u0103, de ast\u0103zi nu mai exist\u0103? A fost totul o pl\u0103smuire? Eu cred c\u0103 Antilia chiar a existat, \u00eens\u0103 ca urmare a unor condi\u0163ii vulcanice, ea s-a scufundat \u00een mijlocul Oceanului Atlantic. S\u0103 fi fost Antilia una din ultimele r\u0103m\u0103\u015fi\u0163e ale miticului continent Atlantida?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cen 711, maurii din nordul Africii au traversat str\u00e2mtoarea Gibraltar \u0219i au invadat peninsula Iberic\u0103. Condus\u0103 de generalul Tariq ibn Ziyad, aceast\u0103 for\u021b\u0103 masiv\u0103 a purtat o campanie de 8 ani, zdrobind armatele cre\u0219tine vizigote \u0219i aduc\u00e2nd cea mai mare … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":83745,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1770],"tags":[235,1573,3063,192,685,332,446,12,13520,2487,5264,9807,9248,720,3798,1784,18011,4044,128,18012,1899,1224,291,1132,151,4866,4862,12116,826,798,453,611,318,2765],"class_list":["post-83743","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-geografie-feologie","tag-africa","tag-antilia","tag-astronom","tag-atlantida","tag-aur","tag-batalie","tag-china","tag-cristofor-columb","tag-episcopi","tag-furtuna","tag-general","tag-geografie-geologie","tag-goti","tag-harta","tag-henric-navigatorul","tag-insula","tag-insulele-antile","tag-insulele-azore","tag-japonia","tag-joao-al-ii-lea","tag-legenda","tag-mauri","tag-nava","tag-oceanul-atlantic","tag-oras","tag-peninsula-iberica","tag-pirinei","tag-poitiers","tag-portugalia","tag-print","tag-rege","tag-scrisoare","tag-spania","tag-stramtoarea-gilbratar","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nUnde a disp\u0103rut Insula Antilia, "insula celor 7 ora\u015fe de aur"? 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