{"id":58003,"date":"2018-11-12T08:00:24","date_gmt":"2018-11-12T06:00:24","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=58003"},"modified":"2018-11-12T01:53:31","modified_gmt":"2018-11-11T23:53:31","slug":"un-print-francez-ne-prezinta-lumea-uluitoare-din-moldova-de-acum-230-de-ani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/un-print-francez-ne-prezinta-lumea-uluitoare-din-moldova-de-acum-230-de-ani\/","title":{"rendered":"Un prin\u0163 francez ne prezint\u0103 lumea uluitoare din Moldova de acum 230 de ani"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>\u00cen 1809, la Paris fu publicat volumul „Lettres et pensees du Marechal prince de Ligne publiees par Mad. la Baronne de Stael Holstein”, <\/em>\u00een care prin\u0163ul de Ligne \u00ee\u015fi public\u0103 amintirile, \u015fi ne poveste\u015fte printre altele, despre c\u0103l\u0103toria pe care a efectuat-o \u00een Moldova \u00een anul 1788. El a ajuns la Ia\u015fi, capitala Moldovei, \u015fi ne prezint\u0103 societatea moldoveneasc\u0103 din acele timpuri:<\/p>\n

\u00cembr\u0103c\u0103mintea boierilor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Am fost, \u00eencartiruit \u00eentr-unul din aceste splendide palate, pe care boierii le construiesc \u00een stil oriental \u015fi din care po\u0163i vedea peste o sut\u0103 cincizeci \u00een capitala Moldovei. Femei \u00eenc\u00e2nt\u0103toare, aproape toate din Constantinopol, \u015fi din vechi familii grece\u015fti, stau tol\u0103nite pe divane, cu capul dat pe spate sau sprijinit pe bretele lor de alabastru. B\u0103rba\u0163ii care te viziteaz\u0103 stau \u015fi ei tol\u0103ni\u0163i al\u0103turi de ele. O \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103minte foarte u\u015foar\u0103, scurt\u0103 \u015fi str\u00e2mt\u0103 acoper\u0103 trupurile lor fermec\u0103toare, iar pe sub transparen\u0163a v\u0103lurilor se contureaz\u0103 frumuse\u0163ea s\u00e2nilor. Pe cap poart\u0103 un fel de turban, dintr-o stof\u0103 neagr\u0103 sau de un ro\u015fu aprins, ce sclipe\u015fte de diamantele cu care este \u00eempodobit. G\u00e2tul \u015fi bra\u0163ele lor sunt \u00eempodobite cu perle de un alb imaculat. Pe bra\u0163e poart\u0103, uneori, un v\u0103l sub\u0163ire \u015fi transparent, \u00eempodobit cu \u0163echini sau jum\u0103t\u0103\u0163i de duca\u0163i. Am v\u0103zut p\u00e2n\u0103 la trei mii de buc\u0103\u0163i pe aceea\u015fi \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103minte. Restul \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103min\u0163ii lor \u00een stil oriental, este din stof\u0103 brodat\u0103 sau lucrat\u0103 \u00een aur \u015fi argint \u015fi garnisit\u0103 cu bl\u0103nuri pre\u0163ioase, ca \u015fi \u00eembr\u0103c\u0103mintea boierilor, care nu se deosebe\u015fte de cea a turcilor dec\u00e2t prin c\u0103ciula pe care o poart\u0103 deasupra unei calote ro\u015fii, dar care nu seam\u0103n\u0103 cu un turban.<\/p>\n

So\u0163iile boierilor poart\u0103 \u00een permanen\u0163\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103, ca \u015fi nevestele sultanilor, un fel de m\u0103t\u0103nii din diamante, perle, corali, lapis-lazuli, agat\u0103 sau din lemn scump cu care se distreaz\u0103 asa cum se distreaz\u0103 so\u0163iile noastre cu evantaiul. Juc\u00e2ndu-se cu aceste m\u0103t\u0103nii, ele \u00ee\u015fi men\u0163in agilitatea degetelor cu unghii vopsite cu ro\u015fu.<\/p>\n

\u015eapte sau opt servitori \u015fi tot at\u00e2tea tinere fete care servesc pe so\u0163iile boierilor, to\u0163i tineri \u015fi cu fe\u0163e \u00eenc\u00e2nt\u0103toare, stau \u00een permanen\u0163\u0103 \u00een apartamentele boierilor; costumele lor nu difer\u0103 de cele ale st\u0103p\u00e2nilor dec\u00e2t prin aceea c\u0103 ele sunt mai pu\u0163in bogate. Fiecare servitor sau servitoare are misiunea sa de \u00eendeplinit. Unul aduce, de \u00eendat\u0103 ce un vizitator p\u0103\u015fe\u015fte pragul casei, una p\u00e2n\u0103 la patru pipe. O fat\u0103 aduce o chisea cu dulcea\u0163\u0103 de trandafiri, iar alta \u00eempr\u0103\u015ftie esen\u0163\u0103 de parfum pentru a \u00eenmiresma salonul. Un servitor aduce o cea\u015fc\u0103 cu cafea, iar o fat\u0103 un pahar cu ap\u0103. \u015ei acest lucru se repet\u0103 la dou\u0103zeci de boieri \u00een aceea\u015fi zi, dac\u0103 te duci sa le faci o vizit\u0103. Ar \u00eensemna o mare necuviin\u0163\u0103 s\u0103 refuzi asemenea amabilit\u0103\u0163i.<\/p>\n

Boierii moldoveni sunt \u00eensp\u0103im\u00e2nta\u0163i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Aici m\u0103 simt foarte bine, este cald \u015fi umblu \u00eembr\u0103cat ca boierii. M\u0103 duc deseori la ei, de\u015fi nu \u015ftiu dec\u00e2t foarte pu\u0163ine cuvinte valahe \u015fi deloc greaca, pe care o vorbesc aceste doamne. Ele dispre\u0163uiesc limba pe care o vorbesc so\u0163ii lor. De altfel, boierii vorbesc pu\u0163in. Teama pe care o au fa\u0163\u0103 de turci, obi\u015fnuin\u0163a de a auzi mereu ve\u015fti proaste \u015fi autoritatea pe care o exercita asupra lor Divanul de la Constantinopole \u015fi domnitorii \u0163\u0103rii, i-au determinat s\u0103 fie de o triste\u0163e de ne\u00eenvins. Cincizeci de persoane care se adun\u0103 \u00een fiecare zi \u00eentr-o cas\u0103 sau alta au aerul c\u0103 a\u015fteapt\u0103 \u015ftreangul fatal \u015fi \u00eei auzi mereu zic\u00e2nd: aici tat\u0103l meu a fost ucis din ordinul Por\u0163ii, iar aici sora mea din ordinul Principelui.<\/p>\n

C\u00e2nd spun c\u0103 m\u0103 duc la boieri ca s\u0103 g\u00e2ndesc, m\u0103 duc mai degrab\u0103 ca s\u0103 nu g\u00e2ndesc, pentru c\u0103 dup\u0103 ce am fumat a patra pipa m\u0103 transform complet \u00een turc: devin o nulitate \u015fi nu mai am nicio idee. Dar ce a\u015f putea face mai bun fiind departe de voi \u015fi de tot ceea ce iubesc?<\/p>\n

\u00cemi place destul de mult aerul cucernic cu care tinerii, adesea de ambele se*e, \u00ee\u015fi scot papucii chiar de la prima treapt\u0103 a sc\u0103rii pentru a nu murd\u0103ri frumoasele covoare sau sanctuarul unde se odihnesc st\u0103p\u00e2nii lor. Dup\u0103 ce \u00ee\u015fi \u00eendeplinesc misiunea, ei se retrag de-a-nd\u0103ratelea, \u00ee\u015fi \u00eencal\u0163\u0103 papucii \u015fi \u00eengenuncheaz\u0103 \u00eentr-un col\u0163. \u00cemi place c\u0103 nu trebuie sa suni sau s\u0103 \u0163ipi f\u0103r\u0103 \u00eencetare dup\u0103 servitori. Daca din \u00eent\u00e2mplare sunt to\u0163i ocupa\u0163i, atunci \u00eei po\u0163i chema. \u00eentocmai ca \u00een harem, b\u0103t\u00e2nd din palme ca \u015fi cum ai aplauda.<\/p>\n

Culoarea preferat\u0103 a ie\u015fenilor, galbenul<\/strong><\/p>\n

La Ia\u015fi, tonul este dat de Constantinopol \u00eentocmai cum Parisul d\u0103 tonul ora\u015felor de provincie. Galbenul era culoarea preferat\u0103 a sultanelor. La Iasi, galbenul a devenit culoarea preferat\u0103 a tuturor femeilor. La Constantinopol pipele lungi din lemn de cire\u015f au luat locul pipelor din lemn de iasomie. \u015ei la Ia\u015fi boierii au acum pipe f\u0103cute din lemn de cire\u015f. Ace\u015fti domni nu merg niciodat\u0103 pe jos; ei sunt tot at\u00e2t de lene\u015fi ca \u015fi turcii.<\/p>\n

Femeie frumoase au burt\u0103!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Femeile ar putea s\u0103 se ab\u0163in\u0103 pu\u0163in de a avea asemenea p\u00e2ntece. Acest lucru este \u00een a\u015fa m\u0103sur\u0103 considerat un apanaj al frumuse\u0163ii, \u00eenc\u00e2t o mam\u0103 \u015fi-a cerut scuze c\u0103 fiica sa nu avea \u00eenc\u0103 burt\u0103. „Dar va avea c\u00e2t de cur\u00e2nd”, mi-a spus ea, „c\u0103ci acum este o ru\u015fine. Este dreapt\u0103 \u015fi sub\u0163ire ca o sc\u00e2ndur\u0103 de brad”. Costumele \u015fi manierele asiatice fac pe cele frumoase \u015fi mai frumoase, iar pe cele ur\u00e2te \u015fi mai ur\u00e2te care, ce-i drept, sunt foare rare \u00een aceast\u0103 \u0163ar\u0103.<\/p>\n

Minunatele dansuri<\/strong><\/p>\n

Tocmai am dat o petrecere fermec\u0103toare, care a fost un succes extraordinar. O sut\u0103 de boieri cu so\u0163iile lor au fost invita\u0163i la mas\u0103, dup\u0103 care a urmat un bal unde s-a dansat dansul grec „pyrrhique” \u015fi alte dansuri grece\u015fti, moldovene\u015fti, turce\u015fti, valahe \u015fi egiptene. \u00cen timpul dansului, femeile \u015fi b\u0103rba\u0163ii se \u0163in de m\u00e2n\u0103. Se fac c\u00e2\u0163iva pa\u015fi \u00een cerc, \u00eens\u0103 st\u00e2nd mai mult unii \u00een fa\u0163a celorlal\u0163i. \u00ce\u015fi fac semne, se \u00eendep\u0103rteaz\u0103, apoi se apropie – nu-mi dau seama cum – se privesc, se ascult\u0103, \u00ee\u015fi ghicesc g\u00e2ndurile \u015fi au aer c\u0103 se iubesc. Acest dans \u00eemi se pare destul de la locul lui.<\/p>\n

Scoate\u0163i Moldova de sub tirania Orientului!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nimic nu se aseam\u0103n\u0103 cu situa\u0163ia \u00een care se g\u0103sesc ace\u015fti oameni. Oh, voi arbitrii destinelor bie\u0163ilor muritori c\u0103rora de at\u00e2tea ori le-a\u0163i pus arma \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103, \u00eendrepta\u0163i r\u0103ul pe care-l face\u0163i omenirii. Voi purta\u0163i o r\u0103spundere mai mare dec\u00e2t noi care nu suntem dec\u00e2t executorii ordinelor voastre. Face\u0163i un serviciu acestei omeniri \u015fi, \u00een acela\u015fi timp, politicii mai multor imperii, l\u0103s\u00e2nd \u00een pace pe ace\u015fti bie\u0163i moldoveni. \u0162ara lor este at\u00e2t de frumoas\u0103, \u00eenc\u00e2t \u00eentreaga Europ\u0103 ar \u0163ipa de m\u00e2nie dac\u0103 cineva ar \u00eencerca s\u0103 o subjuge. Scoate\u0163i-o de sub tirania Orientului \u015fi da\u0163i-i independen\u0163a. L\u0103sa\u0163i-i s\u0103 se c\u00e2rmuiasc\u0103 singuri \u015fi, \u00een locul domnitorului, care este obligat s\u0103 se poarte ca un despot \u015fi ca un punga\u015f pentru a fi pe placul Por\u0163ii Otomane, s\u0103 li se dea doi boieri care s\u0103 c\u00e2rmuiasc\u0103 \u0163ara pe o perioad\u0103 de trei ani. Revenind \u00een mijlocul celor de unde au plecat, ei nu vor \u00eendr\u0103zni s\u0103 abuzeze de puterea, lor c\u0103ci vor fi f\u0103cu\u0163i s\u0103 pl\u0103teasc\u0103 scump la expirarea termenului.<\/p>\n

\u00cen limba rom\u00e2n\u0103 veche la „te iubesc” se spunea „dragua-mi”!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Ajuta\u0163i pe scumpii mei moldoveni oricum ve\u0163i putea. Ei se poart\u0103 at\u00e2t de frumos cu mine! Iubesc totul la ei \u015fi \u00een special limba, care-mi aminte\u015fte c\u0103 descind din romani. Este un amestec armonios de latin\u0103 \u015fi italian\u0103. Ei spun „szluga” \u00een loc de „bun\u0103 diminea\u0163a”, „formos coconitza\u201c pentru fat\u0103 frumoas\u0103, ,,sara bona” pentru bun\u0103 seara \u015fi \u201edragua-mi” pentru te iubesc. A\u015f putea oare s\u0103 termin mai frumos aceast\u0103 scrisoare dec\u00e2t prin acest adev\u0103r pe care a\u015f putea \u015f\u0103 vi-l redau \u00een cel pu\u0163in dou\u0103sprezece limbi \u015fi pe care, sunt sigur, c\u0103 \u00eel ve\u0163i interpreta \u00een cea mai curat\u0103 limb\u0103 francez\u0103?<\/p>\n

Sursa:<\/strong> <\/em>Revista „Magazin Istoric”<\/strong> nr.9\/1969 (scanarea \u015fi adaptarea proprie a textului)<\/h6>\n
Foto:<\/strong><\/em> commons.wikimedia.org<\/strong><\/a> (Commons Creative \u2013 free)<\/h6>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cen 1809, la Paris fu publicat volumul „Lettres et pensees du Marechal prince de Ligne publiees par Mad. la Baronne de Stael Holstein”, \u00een care prin\u0163ul de Ligne \u00ee\u015fi public\u0103 amintirile, \u015fi ne poveste\u015fte printre altele, despre c\u0103l\u0103toria pe care … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":58004,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[601,7834,3836,226,6887,625,8473,829,1371,1164,1428,1121,2992,4939,329,3349,1532,1908,4120,2263,377,2149,836,7536,798,12656,721,7979,12657],"class_list":["post-58003","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-apa","tag-bal","tag-blana","tag-boieri","tag-burta","tag-cafea","tag-cires","tag-constantinopol","tag-dans","tag-diamant","tag-domnitor","tag-femeie","tag-galben","tag-gat","tag-iasi","tag-imbracaminte","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-limba-franceza","tag-limba-greaca","tag-mana","tag-moldova","tag-palat","tag-paris","tag-pipa","tag-print","tag-stofa","tag-sultan","tag-trandafiri","tag-turban","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nUn prin\u0163 francez ne prezint\u0103 lumea uluitoare din Moldova de acum 230 de ani - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/un-print-francez-ne-prezinta-lumea-uluitoare-din-moldova-de-acum-230-de-ani\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Un prin\u0163 francez ne prezint\u0103 lumea uluitoare din Moldova de acum 230 de ani\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00cen 1809, la Paris fu publicat volumul „Lettres et pensees du Marechal prince de Ligne publiees par Mad. la Baronne de Stael Holstein”, \u00een care prin\u0163ul de Ligne \u00ee\u015fi public\u0103 amintirile, \u015fi ne poveste\u015fte printre altele, despre c\u0103l\u0103toria pe care ... 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