{"id":5617,"date":"2009-06-13T20:21:39","date_gmt":"2009-06-13T17:21:39","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.net\/wp52\/?p=5617"},"modified":"2015-03-10T21:13:36","modified_gmt":"2015-03-10T19:13:36","slug":"caligula-cel-mai-nebun-imparat-din-istorie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/caligula-cel-mai-nebun-imparat-din-istorie\/","title":{"rendered":"Caligula, cel mai nebun \u00eemp\u0103rat din istorie"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"caligula11\"Caligula, conduc\u0103torul mult a\u015fteptat<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen toat\u0103 istoria Romei nu exist\u0103 un alt \u00eemp\u0103rat a c\u0103rui ascenden\u0163\u0103 la tron s\u0103 fie mai dorit\u0103 \u015fi mai aplaudat\u0103 de plebe \u015fi nobili totodat\u0103. Caligula era fiul celui mai iubit general al Romei, Germanicus Claudianus, iar copil\u0103ria \u015fi-o petrecuse al\u0103turi de legionarii tat\u0103lui s\u0103u, aparent departe de tenta\u0163iile vie\u0163ii romane. \u00censc\u0103unat la doar 25 de ani, Gaius Julius Caesar Augustus Germanicus, pe numele s\u0103u real, \u00ee\u015fi \u00eencepea scurt\u0103 domnie a\u015fa cum to\u0163i \u015fi-ar fi dorit. Printre primele sale edicte se num\u0103rau interzicerea \u201elezmajest\u0103\u0163ii\u201d, iertarea tuturor celor acuza\u0163i de aceast\u0103 crim\u0103, reducerea impozitelor, m\u0103rirea soldelor legionarilor, reinstaurarea jocurilor publice sau \u00eencercarea de a institui dreptul de vot tuturor cet\u0103\u0163enilor romani. Roma \u00eentreaga era \u00een delir. Caligula era conduc\u0103torul pe care \u00eel visase orice roman.<\/p>\n

O boal\u0103 misterioas\u0103 care-l transform\u0103 total pe \u00eemp\u0103rat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 ce timp de aproape 3 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni fusese cuprins de o boal\u0103 misterioas\u0103,ce-l f\u0103cuse s\u0103 stea semi-incon\u015ftient timp de 3 s\u0103pt\u0103m\u00e2ni, la revenirea din boal\u0103 este complet schimbat. Nobilii care din exces de zel strigaser\u0103 la c\u0103p\u0103t\u00e2iul sau c\u0103 sunt gata s\u0103-\u015fi dea via\u0163a pentru a o salva pe a lui, sunt \u00eempin\u015fi c\u0103tre sinucidere sau sunt executa\u0163i. O promisiune trebuia respectat\u0103. Rudele apropiate sunt izgonite din Roma sau sunt obligate s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi ia singure via\u0163a. Caligula \u00eencepe s\u0103 vad\u0103 conspira\u0163ii \u00eempotriv\u0103 s\u0103 la fiecare pas.<\/p>\n

Caligula \u00eencepe „teroarea stalinist\u0103”<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eS\u0103 m\u0103 urasc\u0103, dar s\u0103 se team\u0103\u201d,<\/em> strig\u0103 cuprins de m\u00e2nie \u00eempotriva romanilor care, \u00een mintea s\u0103 tulburat\u0103, vroiau cu to\u0163i s\u0103 \u00eel asasineze. Nimeni nu mai era \u00een siguran\u0163\u0103. Senatorii, nobilii, actorii sau oamenii simpli sunt ridica\u0163i \u00een toiul nop\u0163ii de g\u0103rzile pretoriene \u015fi tortura\u0163i cumplit \u00eenainte de a fi uci\u015fi. Drept compensa\u0163ie pentru pierderile din Senat, Caligula \u00ee\u015fi investe\u015fte calul senator cu drepturi depline.<\/p>\n

\u201ePe mul\u0163i oameni de rang onorabil i-a \u00eensemnat cu fierul ro\u015fu \u015fi i-a condamnat la munca \u00een mine, la drumuri sau i-a azv\u00e2rlit fiarelor s\u0103lbatice; pe al\u0163ii i-a obligat s\u0103 stea \u00een cu\u015fc\u0103 \u00een patru labe, asemenea animalelor, sau i-a t\u0103iat cu fier\u0103str\u0103ul la jum\u0103tatea corpului. \u015ei \u00een majoritatea cazurilor nu era vorba de pedepse pentru chestiuni serioase, ci pentru c\u0103 avuseser\u0103 o p\u0103rere proast\u0103 despre un spectacol sau pentru c\u0103 nu juraser\u0103 pe geniul lui Caligula. Pe p\u0103rin\u0163i i-a obligat s\u0103 asiste la executarea copiilor lor. Pe unul dintre ace\u015ftia, abia revenit de la execu\u0163ia fiului s\u0103u, l-a invitat la mas\u0103 \u015fi a f\u0103cut toate eforturile pentru a crea o atmosfer\u0103 vesela care s\u0103-i st\u00e2rneasc\u0103 r\u00e2sul\u201d, <\/em>Suetonius<\/p>\n

Violatorul propriilor surori<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen mai pu\u0163in de doi ani, Roma se afla aproape de colapsul financiar din pricina banchetelor fastuoase \u015fi a jocurilor de gladiatori f\u0103r\u0103 egal. Nici chiar averile confiscate de la victimele suspiciunilor \u00eemp\u0103ratului nu mai erau suficiente pentru a suplini nevoia de lux a acestuia. Caligula g\u0103se\u015fte \u00eens\u0103 o solu\u0163ie \u015focant\u0103. \u00centregul Capitoliu va fi transformat \u00een cea mai mare cas\u0103 de toleran\u0163\u0103 care a existat vreodat\u0103, iar damele de companie urmau a fi so\u0163iile \u015fi fiicele nobililor. Ca s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi \u00eent\u0103reasc\u0103 decizia, \u00eemp\u0103ratul \u00ee\u015fi violeaz\u0103 toate cele trei surori \u00een timpul unui banchet apoi le arunc\u0103 nobililor \u00een schimbul unor sume imense de bani. \u00cen timpul acelora\u015fi orgii, Caligula \u00ee\u015fi alege partenerele la \u00eent\u00e2mplare din r\u00e2ndul sotiilor celor prezen\u0163i.<\/p>\n

\u00cemp\u0103ratul \u00ee\u015fi plimb\u0103 so\u0163ia goal\u0103 \u00een fa\u0163a solda\u0163ilor s\u0103i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cu urmele desfr\u00e2ului evidente, el critic\u0103 sau laud\u0103 calit\u0103\u0163ile victimelor sale. Nimeni nu are curajul s\u0103 i se opun\u0103. \u00ce\u015fi plimb\u0103 propria so\u0163ie goal\u0103 prin fa\u0163a solda\u0163ilor \u015fi este la un pas de a o tortur\u0103 pentru a afla de ce \u00eel iube\u015fte at\u00e2t de mult. \u00cen nebunia sa, el dezonoreaz\u0103 chiar mai mul\u0163i tineri de origine nobil\u0103. Mai mult, \u00eemp\u0103ratul devine gelos pe orice roman pe care \u00eel considera superior fizic propriei sale persoane.\u00a0 B\u0103rba\u0163ii sunt tun\u015fi grotesc pentru a nu \u00eentrece \u00een frumuse\u0163e p\u0103rul \u00eemp\u0103ratului, iar cei puternici \u015fi atr\u0103g\u0103tori sunt arunca\u0163i \u00een aren\u0103 prada gladiatorilor sau fiarelor s\u0103lbatice Cum una dintre victimele sale reu\u015fe\u015fte s\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi \u00eenfr\u00e2ng\u0103 to\u0163i adversarii, ea este torturata \u015fi purtat\u0103 goal\u0103 \u00een v\u0103zul mul\u0163imii. Nefericitul avea s\u0103 fie ucis la marginea Romei \u00een aceea\u015fi sear\u0103.<\/p>\n

Cu armata la r\u0103zboi \u00eempotriva…copacilor!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dar paroxismul faptelor sale este atins atunci c\u00e2nd i se n\u0103zare s\u0103 devin\u0103 cel mai mare cuceritor din istoria Romei.<\/p>\n

\u201eC\u00e2nd i-a venit ideea unei campanii \u00een Germania; n-a mai ezitat, a concentrat de pretutindeni legiuni \u015fi unit\u0103\u0163i auxiliare, a f\u0103cut recrut\u0103ri, a adunat provizii nemaiv\u0103zute p\u00e2n\u0103 atunci \u015fi a pornit la drum\u2026 Apoi, deoarece \u00eei lipsea ocazia de r\u0103zboi, a poruncit c\u00e2torva germani din garda sa s\u0103 treac\u0103 Rinul \u015fi s\u0103 se ascund\u0103. A ordonat ca dup\u0103 pr\u00e2nz s\u0103 i se anun\u0163e \u00een chip alarmant prezenta du\u015fmanului. C\u00e2nd s-a produs faptul, s-a n\u0103pustit cu o parte a cavaleriei pretoriene \u015fi cu prieteni \u00een cea mai apropiat\u0103 p\u0103dure; acolo au t\u0103iat arbori \u015fi i-au dispus \u00een forma unui trofeu. Revenit la lumina tor\u0163elor i-a acuzat de timiditate \u015fi la\u015fitate pe cei care nu \u00eel urmaser\u0103\u2026 \u00centre timp a trimis Senatului \u015fi poporului un edict prin care \u00eei dojenea ca \u201e\u00een timp ce Caesar da b\u0103t\u0103lii \u015fi \u00eenfrunta at\u00e2tea primejdii, ei se distreaz\u0103 la circ, la teatre \u015fi \u00een alte locuri de pl\u0103ceri\u201d<\/em>, Suetonius.<\/p>\n

\u00cen lupt\u0103 \u00eempotriva…oceanului!<\/strong><\/p>\n

Urm\u0103toarea pe lista \u201ecuceririlor\u201d sale avea s\u0103 fie s\u0103lbatic\u0103 insula a Britaniei. Cu aceea\u015fi mobilizare exemplar\u0103, Caligula \u00ee\u015fi purta armatele p\u00e2n\u0103 pe \u0163\u0103rmul Atlanticului, acolo unde ordona ca toate trupele s\u0103 fie aliniate iar ma\u015finile de r\u0103zboi s\u0103 fie preg\u0103tite de lupt\u0103. C\u00e2nd nimeni nu \u015ftia care urma s\u0103 fie decizia \u00eemp\u0103ratului, acesta le ordona legionarilor s\u0103 adune c\u00e2t mai multe scoici. Apoi, ca \u015fi cum d\u0103duse dovad\u0103 de un gest de m\u0103rinimie absolut\u0103, \u00eei \u00eendemna pe to\u0163i cei prezen\u0163i \u201eDuce\u0163i-v\u0103 bucuro\u015fi, duce\u0163i-v\u0103 boga\u0163i!”<\/em> \u00cen mintea s\u0103 chinuit\u0103, el ob\u0163inuse cea mai mare victorie dintre toate, o victorie \u00een fa\u0163a oceanului. Scoicile nu erau altceva dec\u00e2t pr\u0103zile de r\u0103zboi capturate de la acesta. \u00cen scrisoarea adresat\u0103 func\u0163ionarilor fiscului Caligula cerea s\u0103-i fie organizat \u201ecel mai ieftin triumf, dar de un fast f\u0103r\u0103 precedent, deoarece putea dispune de bunurile tuturor\u201d.<\/em><\/p>\n

Omor\u00e2t de propria gard\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n

Patru luni mai t\u00e2rziu, la 24 ianuarie 41 d.Hr., Caligula este \u00eenjunghiat \u00een timp ce se adresa unei trupe de actori. Aproape 30 de senatori \u015fi membri ai g\u0103rzii pretoriene \u00ee\u015fi implantau pumnalele \u00een cel care avea s\u0103 fie catalogat drept cel mai infam lider al Romei de p\u00e2n\u0103 atunci. Trecuser\u0103 doar patru ani de c\u00e2nd acesta fusese numit \u00eemp\u0103rat… patru ani pe care Roma nu \u00eei va uita niciodat\u0103. Dar r\u0103ul \u00eenc\u0103 nu se terminase pentru cel mai m\u00e2ndru popor al Antichit\u0103\u0163ii\u2026
\n.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Caligula, conduc\u0103torul mult a\u015fteptat \u00cen toat\u0103 istoria Romei nu exist\u0103 un alt \u00eemp\u0103rat a c\u0103rui ascenden\u0163\u0103 la tron s\u0103 fie mai dorit\u0103 \u015fi mai aplaudat\u0103 de plebe \u015fi nobili totodat\u0103. Caligula era fiul celui mai iubit general al Romei, Germanicus … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":37862,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[507,295,116,1532,432],"class_list":["post-5617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-caligula","tag-imparat","tag-imperiul-roman","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-roman","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nCaligula, cel mai nebun \u00eemp\u0103rat din istorie - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/caligula-cel-mai-nebun-imparat-din-istorie\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Caligula, cel mai nebun \u00eemp\u0103rat din istorie\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Caligula, conduc\u0103torul mult a\u015fteptat \u00cen toat\u0103 istoria Romei nu exist\u0103 un alt \u00eemp\u0103rat a c\u0103rui ascenden\u0163\u0103 la tron s\u0103 fie mai dorit\u0103 \u015fi mai aplaudat\u0103 de plebe \u015fi nobili totodat\u0103. 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Caligula era fiul celui mai iubit general al Romei, Germanicus ... 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