{"id":5498,"date":"2009-06-07T22:25:57","date_gmt":"2009-06-07T19:25:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.net\/wp52\/?p=5498"},"modified":"2009-06-09T07:38:22","modified_gmt":"2009-06-09T04:38:22","slug":"oameni-ai-marii-si-sirene-fiinte-fantastice-sau-adevarate","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/oameni-ai-marii-si-sirene-fiinte-fantastice-sau-adevarate\/","title":{"rendered":"Oameni ai m\u0103rii \u015fi sirene: fiin\u0163e fantastice sau adev\u0103rate?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"nimfe\"<\/a>Exist\u0103 nereide…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Pliniu cel B\u0103tr\u00e2n, \u00een capitolul IX din lucrarea sa Istoria natural\u0103<\/strong>, scrie: \u201eUn grup de deputa\u0163i din Lisabona au fost trimi\u015fi \u00eemp\u0103ratului Tiberiu pentru a-i anun\u0163a c\u0103, \u00eentr-o grot\u0103, a fost v\u0103zut \u015fi auzit un Triton. S-au observat, de asemenea, Nereide pe acelea\u015fi maluri. Una era pe moarte. Gemetele ei, r\u0103sun\u00e2nd p\u00e2n\u0103 departe, au fost auzite de locuitori. Arhiepiscopul din Gaule a scris \u00eemp\u0103ratului August c\u0103 se z\u0103resc pe coast\u0103 multe Nereide moarte. Pot s\u0103 citez martori (care ocup\u0103 un rang \u00eenalt \u00een ordinul cavalerilor romani) care mi-au certificat c\u0103 au v\u0103zut \u00een oceanul Cadix un om al m\u0103rii cu o conforma\u0163ie perfect identic\u0103 cu a noastr\u0103. \u00cen timpul nop\u0163ii, acest om al m\u0103rii urca pe cor\u0103bii!”<\/em><\/p>\n

…\u015fi pe\u015fti cu fa\u0163\u0103 uman\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n

Naturalistul Rondelet, care pred\u0103 \u00een secolul XVI la universitatea din Montpellier, scrie \u00een Istoria Pe\u015ftilor<\/strong>.
\n\u201eA fost prins \u00een Norvegia un monstru marin, dup\u0103 o mare furtun\u0103. To\u0163i cei care l-au privit i-au dat numele de C\u0103lug\u0103r, c\u0103ci avea o fa\u0163\u0103 uman\u0103, dar rustic\u0103, prea pu\u0163in gra\u0163ioas\u0103, capul ras, \u015fi ca un fel de capi\u015fon de c\u0103lug\u0103r pe umeri. Extremitatea corpului se termina cu o coad\u0103 mare.” <\/em>\u015ei Rondelet continu\u0103: \u201ePoe\u0163ii spun c\u0103 exist\u0103 Nereide (adic\u0103 f\u0103pturi de gen feminin, de form\u0103 uman\u0103, care tr\u0103iesc \u00een mare). Pliniu consider\u0103 c\u0103 nu este o fabula\u0163ie. Au fost z\u0103rite alt\u0103dat\u0103 pe maluri. Li s-au auzit t\u00e2nguirile, \u00een Pomerania au fost v\u0103zute, \u015fi aveau chip frumos de femeie. Am auzit c\u0103 un marinar spaniol re\u0163inuse una pe nava sa, dar \u00eentr-o zi ea a sc\u0103pat, s-a aruncat \u00een mare \u015fi n-a mai reap\u0103rut.”<\/em><\/p>\n

Un om al m\u0103rii capturat \u015fi \u00eenchis \u00eentr-un turn<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"nimfa5\"<\/a>Se poate citi \u00een Marea cronic\u0103 a \u0162\u0103rilor de Jos<\/strong> c\u0103 \u00een 1433, pe \u0163\u0103rmurile din Polonia, a fost pescuit un om al m\u0103rii, cu m\u00e2inile \u015fi picioarele palmate, care se las\u0103 atins de toat\u0103 lumea. Nu vorbe\u015fte dar se pare c\u0103 aude foarte bine.
\nRegele Poloniei \u00eel \u00eenchide \u00eentr-un turn. Dar omul m\u0103rii este cuprins de o asemenea triste\u0163e, \u00eenc\u00e2t se tem ca va muri. Este readus pe \u0163\u0103rm unde o mul\u0163ime de oameni s-au adunat. El face un semn de r\u0103mas bun, de adio, plonjeaz\u0103 \u015fi dispare pentru totdeauna \u00een valuri.<\/p>\n

P\u0103rintele Bouhours, iezuit francez din timpul Rena\u015fterii, scrie: \u201eSirenele, de care poe\u0163ii vorbesc at\u00e2t, nu sunt inven\u0163ii, au fost z\u0103rite \u00een diverse \u0163\u0103ri. Filip, arhiduce de Austria, a adus una cu el la Genova, \u00een 1548. O alta a ap\u0103rut pe o plaj\u0103 din Olanda la \u00eenceputul secolului.”<\/em><\/p>\n

Precursorul lui Darwin crede \u00een oamenii m\u0103rii<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dar naturalistului Beno\u00eet de Maillet, precursor al lui Darwin, \u015fi care a sus\u0163inut primul, \u00een secolul XVIII, teza transformismului, \u00eei dator\u0103m cea mai abundent\u0103 documenta\u0163ie asupra oamenilor m\u0103rii. Beno\u00eet de Maillet a fost consul al Fran\u0163ei \u00een Egipt \u015fi inspector al a\u015fez\u0103mintelor franceze \u00een Levant. El a f\u0103cut nenum\u0103rate observa\u0163ii maritime pe care le-a consemnat \u00een lucrarea sa Discu\u0163ii asupra originii omului (1748)<\/strong>. Pentru el originea omului este \u00een oceane; Voltaire, c\u0103ruia \u00eei place s\u0103 persifleze totul, \u00eel ia \u00een der\u00e2dere. Dar m\u0103nunchiul de m\u0103rturii extrase \u00een principal din cronicile din Portugalia de Bano\u00eet de Maillet atrag aten\u0163ia.<\/p>\n

La Curtea regelui Portugaliei au tr\u0103it mai mul\u0163i ani fiin\u0163e ale m\u0103rii <\/strong><\/p>\n

Regele Portugaliei din secolul XVI, Manuel I, supranumit \u201eCel Mare” sau \u201eFericitul”, cunoa\u015fte o domnie glorioas\u0103. Vasco da Gama deschide drumul spre Indii. Brazilia este cucerit\u0103. Curtea lui Manuel este fastuoas\u0103, \u00eembog\u0103\u0163it\u0103 cu comorile din Africa \u015fi Asia. Dar niciodat\u0103 un dar mai surprinz\u0103tor nu i-a fost oferit regelui Manuel dec\u00e2t acela despre care ne vorbesc Istoria Portugaliei \u015fi Rela\u0163iile Indiilor Orientale:<\/p>\n

\"nimfe3\"<\/a>\u201eO plas\u0103 aruncat\u0103 \u00een sudul Indiei a adus la suprafa\u0163\u0103 cincisprezece oameni ai m\u0103rii pe care s-au gr\u0103bit s\u0103-i expedieze la curtea regelui, la Lisabona. Treisprezece au murit \u00een cursul c\u0103l\u0103toriei. Singurele fiin\u0163e care au supravie\u0163uit au fost o femeie \u015fi o t\u00e2n\u0103r\u0103 fat\u0103. Ele au ajuns la regele Manuel care nu se mai s\u0103tura s\u0103 le admire. Dar Oceanidele p\u0103r\u00e2nd foarte triste, regele le-a cobor\u00e2t \u00een mare \u00eentr-un loc unde apa nu era prea ad\u00e2nc\u0103 purt\u00e2nd lan\u0163uri u\u015foare care le \u00eempiedicau s\u0103 scape. \u015ei to\u0163i curtenii, de pe bordul unor nave, au putut asista la evolu\u0163iile lor. Aceste creaturi au tr\u0103it mai mul\u0163i ani, \u00een timpul c\u0103rora \u00een fiecare zi erau conduse la mare. Dar niciodat\u0103 ele nu au putut s\u0103 \u00eenve\u0163e s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103.”<\/em><\/p>\n

\u015ei olandezii au parte de sirene<\/strong><\/p>\n

Iat\u0103 acum o \u00eent\u00e2mplare extras\u0103 din Marca cronic\u0103 a \u0162\u0103rilor de Jos. \u00cen anul 1430, dup\u0103 o mare inunda\u0163ie, c\u00e2teva tinere din ora\u015ful Edam, de pe malul golfului Zuyderzee, au g\u0103sit o Oceanid\u0103 aproape acoperit\u0103 de m\u00e2l. Ele au adus-o la Edam. Apoi a fost transportat\u0103 la Haarlem, unde savan\u0163ii au examinat-o \u015fi au \u00eencercat \u00een van s\u0103 o \u00eenve\u0163e s\u0103 vorbeasc\u0103. Erau obliga\u0163i s\u0103 o supravegheze, spun cronicile, ca nu cumva s\u0103 se arunce \u00een ap\u0103, chiar \u015fi \u00een micile r\u00e2uri… Aceste cronici relateaz\u0103 de asemeni c\u0103 a fost capturat, \u00een 1700, un om al m\u0103rii care nu a tr\u0103it dec\u00e2t trei zile, \u015fi care a fost admirat de toat\u0103 popula\u0163ia din Amsterdam.<\/p>\n

B\u0103rbatul-pe\u015fte c\u0103ruia \u00een curgea lacrimele<\/strong><\/p>\n

S\u0103 c\u0103ut\u0103m acum \u00een arhivele britanice. Un vas englez, care pescuia balene \u00een m\u0103rile din Groenlanda, s-a trezit deodat\u0103 \u00eenconjurat de \u015faizeci de b\u0103rci mici \u00een care se aflau oameni ai m\u0103rii. C\u0103pitanul a cobor\u00e2t \u00een mare \u015falupele sale. Dar c\u00e2nd Oceanidele au v\u0103zut marinarii apropiindu-se, au plonjat deodat\u0103 cu b\u0103rcile lor \u015fi nu au mai reap\u0103rut. O singur\u0103 creatur\u0103 a fost capturat\u0103. Au adus-o la bord. Era aparent un b\u0103rbat, dar care avea m\u00e2inile \u015fi picioarele palmate. El a supravie\u0163uit zece zile, timp \u00een care nu a vrut s\u0103 se hr\u0103neasc\u0103. Nu scotea nici un sunet, doar suspina. Din ochi \u00eei curgeau lacrimi. Barca sa, care m\u0103sura aproximativ nou\u0103 picioare \u00een lungime, era foarte \u00eengust\u0103, cu extremit\u0103\u0163ile sub\u0163iate, fusiforme. Scheletul ei era alc\u0103tuit din oase de pe\u015fte, acoperite cu piei de c\u00e2ine de mare. Dup\u0103 moartea acestei fiin\u0163e, barca \u015fi trupul s\u0103u uscat au fost expuse mult\u0103 vreme \u00een sala amiralit\u0103\u0163ii din Hali.<\/p>\n

Monstrul marin cu fa\u0163\u0103 uman\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"nimfa4\"<\/a>S\u0103 interog\u0103m \u015fi documentele franceze. La 31 mai 1671, c\u0103pitanul Pierre Luce, comandant \u00een Martinica, redacteaz\u0103 raportul urm\u0103tor: „Ast\u0103zi, \u015fase oameni care merseser\u0103 cu o nav\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een insulele de Diamant se preg\u0103teau s\u0103 se \u00eentoarc\u0103. Era la apusul soarelui. La marginea insulei au z\u0103rit un monstru marin. Acest monstru avea figur\u0103 uman\u0103 \u015fi corpul s\u0103u se termina precum corpul unui pe\u015fte. P\u0103rul \u00eei era negru \u015fi cenu\u015fiu, avea o barba lung\u0103 \u015fi p\u00e2ntecele \u00eei era acoperit de fire de p\u0103r. Avea un aer s\u0103lbatic. C\u00e2nd ie\u015fea la suprafa\u0163\u0103 \u00ee\u015fi \u015ftergea fa\u0163a cu ambele m\u00e2ini, tr\u0103g\u00e2nd aerul pe n\u0103ri ca un c\u00e2ine. El s-a apropiat at\u00e2t de mult, \u00eenc\u00e2t unul dintre oamenii de pe vas i-a aruncat o undi\u0163\u0103 sper\u00e2nd c\u0103 va apuca firul ei. Dar omul m\u0103rii a plonjat \u00eenc\u0103 o dat\u0103 \u015fi nimeni nu l-a mai rev\u0103zut.”<\/em> Acest raport al c\u0103pitanului comandant din Martinica a fost primit de Pierre de Beville, notar al cartierelor companiei maritime, \u00een prezen\u0163a p\u0103rintelui iezuit Julien Simon. Raportul con\u0163inea \u00een plus \u015fi \u201edepozi\u0163iile separate \u015fi unanime ale altor doi francezi \u015fi patru negri.”<\/p>\n

Al\u0163i oameni ai m\u0103rii v\u0103zu\u0163i \u00een Fran\u0163a<\/strong><\/p>\n

Iat\u0103 un fapt care se situeaz\u0103 \u00een 1746 \u015fi ne este relatat de domnul Le Masson, func\u0163ionar al serviciului maritim: \u201eO santinel\u0103 care-\u015fi f\u0103cea rondul de noapte pe zidurile din Boulogne a z\u0103rit un om gesticul\u00e2nd \u00een \u015fan\u0163ul cu ap\u0103. El l-a somat f\u0103r\u0103 a primi niciun r\u0103spuns. La a treia soma\u0163ie, santinela a tras. C\u00e2nd a fost ridicat cadavrul, \u015fi-au dat seama c\u0103 era cel al unui om al m\u0103rii pe care refluxul \u00eel adusese \u00een \u015fan\u0163ul cu ap\u0103. Partea inferioar\u0103 a corpului avea forma unui pe\u015fte.”<\/em><\/p>\n

La 8 septembrie 1725, domnul de Hautefort trimite contelui de Maurepas, ministru al lui Ludovic XIV, urm\u0103torul proces-verbal: \u201e\u015eapte nave erau la ancora pe un banc din Terra Nova, c\u00e2nd, c\u0103tre orele 10 diminea\u0163a, un om al m\u0103rii a ap\u0103rut la babordul vasului francez Marie-de-Gr\u00e2ce, comandat de c\u0103pitanul Olivier Morin. Omul m\u0103rii s-a ar\u0103tat mai \u00eent\u00e2i \u00een dreptul \u015fefului de echipaj Guillaume l’Aumane. Acesta lu\u0103 imediat o gaf\u0103, vr\u00e2nd s\u0103-l prind\u0103, dar c\u0103pitanul l-a \u00eempiedicat s-o fac\u0103 de team\u0103 ca monstrul s\u0103 nu-l trag\u0103 \u00een ad\u00e2ncuri dup\u0103 el… Pentru asta \u015feful de echipaj i-a dat doar o lovitur\u0103 pe spate. Omul m\u0103rii a f\u0103cut de mai multe ori \u00eenconjurul vasului, s-a \u00eendep\u0103rtat, a revenit, s-a ridicat din ap\u0103 p\u00e2n\u0103 la ombilic. \u015ei aceasta a durat de la zece diminea\u0163a p\u00e2n\u0103 la amiaz\u0103, \u015fi monstrul a fost v\u0103zut \u00een acest timp de cei treizeci \u015fi doi de membri ai echipajului. Au putut cu to\u0163ii remarca urm\u0103toarele particularit\u0103\u0163i ale fiin\u0163ei: pielea brun\u0103 \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 solzi. Toate mi\u015fc\u0103rile corpului, de la cap p\u00e2n\u0103 la picioare (vizibile \u00een apa transparent\u0103), erau ale unui om normal. Ochii erau bine propor\u0163iona\u0163i, nasul turtit, din\u0163ii albi, urechile asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu cele ale oamenilor, la fel m\u00e2inile \u015fi picioarele, \u00een afar\u0103 de faptul c\u0103 degetele erau unite printr-o pieli\u0163\u0103, a\u015fa cum exist\u0103 la labele ra\u0163elor \u015fi g\u00e2\u015ftelor. \u00cen fine, era corpul unui om bine f\u0103cut, al unui om ca oricare… C\u0103tre pr\u00e2nz, ciudata creatur\u0103 s-a \u00eendep\u0103rtat de nav\u0103, s-a scufundat \u00een ad\u00e2ncuri, \u015fi n-a mai fost rev\u0103zut\u0103.”<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Exist\u0103 nereide… Pliniu cel B\u0103tr\u00e2n, \u00een capitolul IX din lucrarea sa Istoria natural\u0103, scrie: \u201eUn grup de deputa\u0163i din Lisabona au fost trimi\u015fi \u00eemp\u0103ratului Tiberiu pentru a-i anun\u0163a c\u0103, \u00eentr-o grot\u0103, a fost v\u0103zut \u015fi auzit un Triton. S-au observat, … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":5499,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[54],"tags":[1605,9800,1603,1604,1602],"class_list":["post-5498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-natura-animale","tag-mare","tag-natura-animale","tag-nimfa","tag-ocean","tag-sirena","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nOameni ai m\u0103rii \u015fi sirene: fiin\u0163e fantastice sau adev\u0103rate? - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/oameni-ai-marii-si-sirene-fiinte-fantastice-sau-adevarate\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Oameni ai m\u0103rii \u015fi sirene: fiin\u0163e fantastice sau adev\u0103rate?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Exist\u0103 nereide… Pliniu cel B\u0103tr\u00e2n, \u00een capitolul IX din lucrarea sa Istoria natural\u0103, scrie: \u201eUn grup de deputa\u0163i din Lisabona au fost trimi\u015fi \u00eemp\u0103ratului Tiberiu pentru a-i anun\u0163a c\u0103, \u00eentr-o grot\u0103, a fost v\u0103zut \u015fi auzit un Triton. 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