{"id":4228,"date":"2009-03-29T09:42:18","date_gmt":"2009-03-29T07:42:18","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.net\/wp52\/?p=4228"},"modified":"2009-05-26T17:55:48","modified_gmt":"2009-05-26T14:55:48","slug":"francmasoneria-o-istorie-secreta-de-doua-milenii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/francmasoneria-o-istorie-secreta-de-doua-milenii\/","title":{"rendered":"Francmasoneria, o istorie secret\u0103 de dou\u0103 milenii"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"francmasonerie6\"\u00cenceputul, acum dou\u0103 milenii, \u00een perioada Imperiului Roman<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Istoria francmasoneriei este considerat\u0103 de majoritatea cercet\u0103torilor a debuta \u00een perioada regelui Numa Pompilius, succesorul lui Romulus. Atunci, dup\u0103 tradi\u0163ie, constructorii de temple, ziduri de cetate \u015fi monumente erau grupa\u0163i \u00eentr-o confrerie care se conducea dup\u0103 norme riguroase, bucur\u00e2ndu-se de o jurisdic\u0163ie anume, ca \u015fi de unele privilegii, printre care scutirea de contribu\u0163ii publice.<\/p>\n

Aceste confrerii, \u00eemp\u0103r\u0163ite \u00een trei grade \u2014 ucenici, companioni \u015fi mai\u015ftri \u2014 se reuneau de regul\u0103 seara, dup\u0103 \u00eencetarea lucrului, \u00eentr-o barac\u0103 amenajat\u0103 \u00een apropierea construc\u0163iei, unde se discutau lucr\u0103rile pentru a doua zi, hot\u0103r\u00e2rile fiind luate prin consens general. Adun\u0103rile erau conduse de mai marele mai\u015ftrilor, fiind precedate de un ceremonial magico-religios, mo\u015ftenit din perioada c\u00eend numai preo\u0163ii se ocupau de amenajarea templelor.<\/p>\n

\"Echerul
Echerul si cumpana - simbolul initial al francmasoneriei<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Echerul \u015fi cump\u0103na au fost stabilite drept simboluri ale acestor confrerii cu caracter magic care s-au r\u0103sp\u00e2ndit de-a lungul secolelor \u00een \u00eentregul imperiu, c\u0103p\u0103t\u00e2nd mereu noi norme \u015fi forme oculte de ini\u0163iere. Confreriile romane de constructori, ajunse \u00een Britania, dup\u0103 anul 43, pentru edificarea de castre, temple, drumuri, poduri, edificii, b\u0103i, monumente etc. au fost completate cu localnici, care s-au supus regulilor \u015fi riturilor magice ale acestor asocia\u0163ii de zidari.<\/p>\n

Francmasoneria \u00een Anglia cre\u015ftinismului timpuriu<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Cre\u015ftinizarea anglo-saxonilor \u015fi \u00eentemeierea primei episcopii la Canterbury, la sf\u00e2r\u015fitul secolului al VII-lea, aduc modific\u0103ri \u00een normele confreriilor de constructori, vechile ritualuri ca \u015fi regulile de ini\u0163iere c\u0103p\u0103t\u00e2nd formule adecvate noii religii dominante, f\u0103r\u0103 ca prin aceasta s\u0103 se piard\u0103 manoperele oculte – semne \u015fi procedee magice, secretul \u015fi ceremonialul ini\u0163ierilor etc. \u2014 \u015fi nici tradi\u0163iile de solidaritate \u015fi \u00eentrajutorare etico-profesional\u0103 mo\u015ftenite din antichitatea roman\u0103.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 secolul al VII-lea, \u00een confrerii nu mai puteau intra dec\u00e2t oameni liberi, deoarece doar ei se bucurau de privilegiul circula\u0163iei nestingherite dintr-o localitate \u00eentr-alta. Cum ace\u015ftia erau denumi\u0163i freemason<\/strong>, adic\u0103 ziua liberi, asocia\u0163iile lor au \u00eenceput a se chema masonerii. Fiecare grupare masonic\u0103 a c\u0103p\u0103tat termenul de loj\u0103.<\/p>\n

Francmasonii \u00ee\u015fi aleg un patron spiritual, pe Sf. Ioan<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"francmasonerie1\"Invazia danezilor \u00een Kent, Anglia de est \u015fi Northumbia aduce ruina ora\u015felor \u015fi a bisericilor, astfel \u00eenc\u00e2t, dup\u0103 b\u0103t\u0103lia de la Edington \u015fi alungarea danezilor din Londra de c\u0103tre Alfred cel Mare, regele Wessex-ului (anul 886), asocia\u0163iile de masoni cap\u0103t\u0103 din nou amploare \u015fi privilegii, datorit\u0103 cererii masive de construc\u0163ii. \u00cen anul 925, regele Ethelstan confirm\u0103 privilegiile lojilor masonice, d\u00e2ndu-le un regulament (Constitu\u0163ia de la York). \u00cen acela\u015fi timp, constructorii \u00ee\u015fi aleg ca patron pe Sf\u00e2ntul Ioan, deoarece s\u0103rb\u0103torirea acestuia coincidea cu solsti\u0163iul de var\u0103, moment astronomic celebrat prin ritualuri magice de c\u0103tre membrii confreriilor de zidari \u00eenc\u0103 din antichitate. Drept urmare, masonii vor lua numele de fra\u0163i ai Sf\u00e2ntului Ioan.<\/p>\n

Francmasonii devin „cuiburi” pentru reformarea societ\u0103\u0163ii<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Confreriile de zidari \u201eFra\u0163ii Sf. Ioan” se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndesc acum pe continentul european, c\u0103p\u0103t\u00e2nd din partea papilor privilegiul de a zidi catedrale, precum \u015fi diploma care le scoteau de sub jurisdic\u0163ia local\u0103 \u015fi a edictelor regale. Aceste mari avantaje determin\u0103 pe mul\u0163i oameni de art\u0103 \u015fi g\u00e2nditori s\u0103 cear\u0103 a deveni membri asocia\u0163i ai lojilor masonice, profit\u00e2nd de faptul c\u0103 legisla\u0163ia vremii prevedea obliga\u0163ia pentru fiecare burghez de a fi neap\u0103rat \u00eenscris \u00eentr-o breasl\u0103. Intr\u00e2nd \u00een lojile masonice, ace\u015ftia au adoptat insignele, termenii meseriei de zidar \u015fi s-au supus regulilor de breasl\u0103, cu scopul de a putea dezbate nestingheri\u0163i, \u00een mod secret, \u00een adun\u0103rile oculte masonice, idei filosofice \u015fi c\u0103i de reformare politic\u0103 a societ\u0103\u0163ii. Era o ipostaz\u0103 nou\u0103 de exteriorizare a unor n\u0103zuin\u0163e care, exprimate public, deschis, ar fi fost condamnate at\u00e2t de autoritatea regal\u0103, c\u00e2t mai ales de Biserica catolic\u0103, obsedat\u0103 de ideea ereziilor pe care le vedea \u00een orice \u00eencercare inovatoare.<\/p>\n

Fenomenul are ca urmare transformarea unor loji masonice ce activau ca asocia\u0163ii de breasl\u0103 ale zidarilor \u00eentr-un fel de cluburi desf\u0103\u015fur\u00e2nd \u00een aparen\u0163\u0103 o activitate declarat\u0103 de cercetare a naturii, dar av\u00e2nd, \u00een secret, o serie de \u0163eluri politice \u015fi sociale.<\/p>\n

Lojile masonice decapitate de Biserica Catolic\u0103<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

C\u0103tre secolul al XV-lea, lojile masonice \u00eencep s\u0103 se destrame, persecutate s\u00e2ngeros de catolicism sub acuza\u0163ia de propov\u0103duire a ereziei \u015fi schismei \u00een Biseric\u0103. Drept urmare, construc\u0163iile unor impun\u0103toare catedrale \u015fi edificii laice stagneaz\u0103. \u00cen fine, reforma lui Luther din secolul al XVI-lea d\u0103 o nou\u0103 lovitur\u0103 corpora\u0163iilor masonice, care se descompun \u00een toat\u0103 Europa, cu excep\u0163ia celor din insulele britanice.<\/p>\n

\"francmasonerie2\"Prima ac\u0163iune politic\u0103 de succes a masoneriei: \u00eensc\u0103unarea lui Carol al II-lea dup\u0103 moartea lui Cromwell<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Decapitarea regelui Carol I (1649) provoac\u0103 reactivarea puternic\u0103 a masonilor din Anglia \u015fi Sco\u0163ia care, \u00een secret, au hot\u0103r\u00e2t s\u0103 restabileasc\u0103 tronul \u015fi totodat\u0103 s\u0103 submineze autoritatea lui Cromwell, d\u00e2nd conspirativ francmasoneriei un caracter prin excelen\u0163\u0103 politic \u015fi organiz\u00eend-o pe mai multe grade. Ac\u0163iunile a\u015fa-zi\u015filor masoni accepta\u0163i, adic\u0103 a acelor membri ai confreriilor care nu erau arhitec\u0163i sau constructori, au ca rezultat proclamarea lui Carol al II-lea ca rege al Angliei (29 mai 1660) \u015fi batjocorirea mormintelor lui Cromwell \u015fi Ireton.<\/p>\n

Dup\u0103 1660, francmasoneria se transform\u0103 definitiv din confrerie profesional\u0103 \u00een societate ocult\u0103<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Carol al II-lea, primit mason \u00een timpul exilului, \u00ee\u015fi va ar\u0103ta, recuno\u015ftin\u0163a fa\u0163\u0103 de loji, acord\u00e2ndu-le gra\u0163ie \u015fi onoruri, prin el masoneria primind de atunci \u015fi denumirea de \u201eArta regal\u0103”, deoarece contribuise \u00een mod special la restaurarea tronului. Acesta poate fi socotit momentul \u00een care masoneria s-a transformat integral \u00eentr-o societate ocult\u0103 cu caracter strict politic, p\u0103r\u0103sind definitiv vechiul ei caracter de confrerie profesional\u0103.<\/p>\n

Crucea de trandafiri, prima organiza\u0163ie ocult\u0103 masonic\u0103 cu caracter ocult<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"Crucea
Crucea de trandafiri <\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

La \u00eenceputul secolului al XVII-lea, masoneria se transform\u0103 \u00een organiza\u0163ie politic\u0103 cu caracter interna\u0163ional. Evenimentul, pentru care exist\u0103 unele atest\u0103ri documentare, s-ar fi petrecut \u00een anul 1616, fiind marcat de a\u015fa-zisa ini\u0163iativ\u0103 a alchimistului Valentin Andreea de a da masoneriei denumirea de \u201eCrucea de trandafiri”. Dup\u0103 toate aparen\u0163ele acest nume reprezint\u0103 o alegorie, \u00een concep\u0163ia masonilor crucea fiind simbolul unirii sacre, iar trandafirul cel al discre\u0163iei, al tainei, crucea de trandafiri av\u00e2nd deci sensul de \u201econfrerie sacr\u0103 a t\u0103cerii”.<\/p>\n

Cert este c\u0103, \u00een Europa occidental\u0103, zguduit\u0103 de lupte \u015fi de abuzurile catolicismului se vorbea mult \u015fi cu oarecare team\u0103 despre organiza\u0163ia secret\u0103 care publicase deja, \u00een 1623, un manifest adresat nobilimii \u015fi savan\u0163ilor. \u00cen manifest se v\u0103de\u015fte caracterul protestatar, anticatolic, cu nuan\u0163\u0103 luteran\u0103 \u015fi antipapal, de esen\u0163\u0103 german\u0103. Foarte probabil, \u201eCrucea de trandafiri” este totu\u015fi o oper\u0103 colectiv\u0103, creat\u0103 treptat, \u00een timp, al c\u0103rei apogeu pare a fi marcat \u00een secolul al XVII-lea, c\u00e2nd gruparea secret\u0103 cap\u0103t\u0103 un rol v\u0103dit anticatolic \u015fi politic subversiv, p\u0103str\u00e2nd \u00eens\u0103 toate caracterele sale oculte \u015fi ritualurile de factur\u0103 magic\u0103 inspirate din credin\u0163e \u015fi supersti\u0163ii orientale, \u00een special egiptene \u015fi ebraice.<\/p>\n

Secta ilumina\u0163ilor \u015fi filozoful Swedenborg<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"E.
E. Swedenborg (1688-1772), francmason suedez<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

\u00cen secolul al XVIII-lea apare o nou\u0103 grupare cu caracter ocult, a\u015fa-zisa \u201eSect\u0103 a ilumina\u0163ilor”, care reunea teosofi, cabali\u015fti \u015fi aristocra\u0163i. \u00centr-un volum intitulat Eseu asupra Sectei ilumina\u0163ilor<\/strong>, Luchet enumera peste treizeci de prin\u0163i \u015fi capete \u00eencoronate, membri ai acestei organiza\u0163ii cu caracter de magie.<\/p>\n

Printre figurile marcante ale a\u015fa-zi\u015filor ilumina\u0163i, cu veleit\u0103\u0163i de \u00eentemeietori \/ de secte oculte, a fost \u015fi suedezul Emmanuel Swedenborg (1688\u20141772). Fecund autor de literatur\u0103 mistic\u0103, el a grupat, la un moment dat, admiratori ai s\u0103i din Anglia \u015fi S.U.A., organiz\u00e2nd loji cu caracter ocult, care trebuiau s\u0103 se transforme \u00eentr-o Biseric\u0103 swedenborgian\u0103, a c\u0103rei doctrin\u0103 era cunoa\u015fterea nemijlocit\u0103 a esen\u0163ei supranaturalului, prin intermediul unei ilumin\u0103ri sau al unei anumite intui\u0163ii.<\/p>\n

Sainte Parole, un alt grup iluminat<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

Un alt grup ocultist a fost \u00eentemeiat spre sf\u00e2r\u015fitul secolului al XVIII-lea de c\u0103tre Dom Pernetti, la Avignon. Dom Pernetti, figur\u0103 tipic\u0103 de aventurier, c\u0103lug\u0103rit \u00een tinere\u0163e, a p\u0103r\u0103sit Ordinul benedictinilor, spre a-l \u00eenso\u0163i pe navigatorul Louis Antoine de Bougainville, la bordul cor\u0103biei \u201eBoudeuse”, \u00een acel memorabil voiaj \u00een jurul lumii (1766\u20141769). Grupul denumit \u201eSainte Parole” era alc\u0103tuit din \u201eilumina\u0163i”, \u00een majoritate nobili, care practicau magia, cabala \u015fi alchimia.<\/p>\n

Loja Ilumina\u0163ilor \u015fi „lampa divin\u0103” din tavan<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

La Copenhaga se dezvolt\u0103 \u00een aceea\u015fi perioad\u0103 \u201eLoja ilumina\u0163ilor” condus\u0103 de Carol de Hessa, a c\u0103rei activitate era asem\u0103n\u0103toare cu a unui oracol. Adun\u0103rile lojei aveau loc periodic, incluz\u00eend un ceremonial inspirat din cele ale preo\u0163ilor antici ai templelor lui Apollo. \u00cen tavanul s\u0103lii de reuniuni se afla o lamp\u0103 care sugera Soarele. Uit\u00eendu-se la ea, membrii lojei puneau diferite \u00eentreb\u0103ri, astfel alc\u0103tuite \u00eenc\u00e2t r\u0103spunsurile s\u0103 fie \u201eda” sau \u201enu”. Afirma\u0163ia era prezentat\u0103 printr-o puternic\u0103 \u015fi persistent\u0103 iluminare a l\u0103mpii. Nega\u0163ia se traducea printr-o lumin\u0103 slab\u0103, intermitent\u0103. Sigur, acesta era un procedeu secret de influen\u0163are a con\u015ftiin\u0163ei, cunoscut doar de c\u00e2\u0163iva ini\u0163ia\u0163i, av\u00e2nd ca scop realizarea planurilor lor oculte prin intermediul membrilor lojii, \u00een majoritatea persoane cu responsabilit\u0103\u0163i publice.<\/p>\n

Lavater, „Dumnezeu pe P\u0103m\u00e2nt”<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\"Johann
Johann Lavater (1741-1801), francmason elvetian<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Unul dintre cei care cuno\u015fteau \u201esecretul” l\u0103mpii divinatoare (\u00een realitate un simplu bec cu gaz de c\u0103rbune, a c\u0103rui luminozitate putea fi reglat\u0103 de la distan\u0163\u0103, prin m\u0103rirea sau mic\u015forarea debitului combustibilului) a fost pastorul protestant Lavater, el \u00eensu\u015fi precursor al metodei de ghicit prin analizarea fizionomiei umane (fizionomistic\u0103). Lavater \u00eentre\u0163inea o vast\u0103 coresponden\u0163\u0103 cu capete \u00eencoronate, \u015fefi de guverne \u015fi alte persoane cu mare influen\u0163\u0103, sfaturile sale de ordin politic fiind, de regul\u0103, urmate cu docilitate. C\u00e2t de puternic\u0103 era for\u0163a lui Lavater o ilustreaz\u0103 Mirabeau : \u201eAm v\u0103zut<\/em>, scrie marele om politic francez, depe\u015fe ale lui Lavater adresate c\u0103tre suverani, sub acest protocol \u00abdragul meu !\u00bb Am v\u0103zut suverani r\u0103spunz\u00e2ndu-i, admir\u00eendu-l, ascult\u00e2ndu-l, devenind tributarii lui! Am v\u0103zut partizanii s\u0103i care-l considerau ca pe un Dumnezeu pe p\u0103m\u00e2nt”.<\/em><\/p>\n

Martini\u015ftii, alt ordin masonic secret<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

\u00cen 1754, Martinez de Pasqualli a fondat \u00een Fran\u0163a un ordin masonic particular, denumit \u201eAle\u015fii Cohen” (Elus Cohen), av\u00e2nd ca loji mai importante pe cele ale ilumina\u0163ilor de la Avignon, ale alchimi\u015ftilor de la Philateles \u015fi ale „Academiei veritabililor masoni” din Montpellier. \u00cen activitatea martini\u015ftilor, studiul \u015fi practica magiei juca un rol important. Pasqualli \u015fi principalii s\u0103i discipoli, Willermoz, Claude de Saint Martin, au \u00eentre\u0163inut o vast\u0103 coresponden\u0163\u0103, care permite ast\u0103zi reconstituirea doctrinei ritului, \u015fi un amestec de magie, indica\u0163ii mistice \u015fi practici de vindecare a bolilor prin a\u015fa-zisul magnetism animal.<\/p>\n

\u00cen general, martinismul era inspirat de lucr\u0103rile lui Swedenborg, ritualul magic av\u00eend dorin\u0163a de a-\u015fi dezvolta \u00een ei acuit\u0103\u0163i misterioase \u201eadormite”, capabile a-i pune \u00een leg\u0103tur\u0103 cu spiritele \u015fi, pe aceast\u0103 cale, de a afla viitorul. Spre deosebire de masonii obi\u015fnui\u0163i, care \u00eentre\u0163ineau ritualurile magice clasice ale lojilor, martini\u015ftii se reuneau \u00een \u015fedin\u0163e spre a invoca spiritele, av\u00e2nd credin\u0163a \u00een m\u00e2ntuirea sufletelor \u015fi obiectelor. Ceremonialul ritual avea loc \u00een interiorul unui cerc magic, marcat de lum\u00e2n\u0103ri aprinse, \u00een centrul acestui spa\u0163iu fiind arse t\u0103m\u00e2ie, \u015fi mac de gr\u0103din\u0103, cui\u015foare \u015fi scor\u0163i\u015foar\u0103, ceea ce crea o atmosfer\u0103 propice declan\u015f\u0103rii de st\u0103ri psihice anormale”.<\/p>\n

Ceremoniile de ini\u0163iere aveau, de asemenea, un aspect bizar, fiind inspirate de teoriile swedenborgiene \u015fi mesmeriene. Astfel, candidatul trebuia s\u0103 \u0163in\u0103 un anumit regim alimentar, post\u00e2nd \u00een zile stabilite prin calculul astrologic, s\u0103 recite \u00een fiecare diminea\u0163\u0103 a\u015fa-zisul \u201eOficiu al Sf\u00e2ntului Spirit”. Dup\u0103 \u00eendeplinirea acestor formalit\u0103\u0163i prealabile, novicele se prezenta \u00een plenul lojii, \u00eembr\u0103cat \u00een negru, dar f\u0103r\u0103 a avea nimic metalic asupra sa, nici chiar un simplu ac. El trasa \u00een jurul s\u0103u un cerc, spunea cuvintele magice \u201eRap, lob, Oz, Fa”, indic\u00e2nd cele patru puncte cardinale, aprindea lum\u00e2n\u0103rile din jurul cercului magic \u015fi produsele puternic mirositoare din centrul acestuia, dup\u0103 care pronun\u0163a solemn o anume fraz\u0103 ritual\u0103. Ceremonia se \u00eencheia, prin stingerea, pe r\u00e2nd a lum\u00e2n\u0103rilor de c\u0103tre novice \u015fi prosternarea acestuia pe du\u015fumea, cu fa\u0163a \u00een jos \u015fi bra\u0163ele \u00eentinse lateral, \u00eenchipuind o cruce.<\/p>\n

Martini\u015ftii se recuno\u015fteau dup\u0103 bijuteriile magice pe care le purtau, ca \u015fi dup\u0103 preocup\u0103rile lor oculte. Ritul masonic martinist a cunoscut o larg\u0103 extindere, influen\u0163\u00e2nd mult ceremonialurile francmasoneriei moderne. El a avut continuu aderen\u0163i recruta\u0163i din r\u00eendul marii nobilimi, politicienilor, litera\u0163ilor, preg\u0103tind noi adep\u0163i care promiteau s\u0103 ocupe locuri de frunte \u00een societate.<\/p>\n

\u00cen tot cursul secolului al XVIII-lea, plin de fr\u0103m\u00e2nt\u0103ri politice, sociale \u015fi economice, care au culminat cu Revolu\u0163ia francez\u0103, sectele de tip ocult, masonice, se vor dezvolta necontenit, mai ales \u00een Fran\u0163a, Germania, Austria si Rusia, av\u00e2nd ca centru Parisul, de unde emanau ideile doctrinale \u015fi formele rituale. Francmasoneria a inspirat crearea unor asocia\u0163ii reac\u0163ionare cu caracter secret \u00een secolele XIX \u015fi XX, care \u015fi-au propus de asemenea \u0163eluri politice. Printre acestea se num\u0103r\u0103 „Ku-Klux-Klan”, „Grupul Bildeberg”, „CFR”, „Propaganda 2” \u015fi multe altele.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cenceputul, acum dou\u0103 milenii, \u00een perioada Imperiului Roman Istoria francmasoneriei este considerat\u0103 de majoritatea cercet\u0103torilor a debuta \u00een perioada regelui Numa Pompilius, succesorul lui Romulus. Atunci, dup\u0103 tradi\u0163ie, constructorii de temple, ziduri de cetate \u015fi monumente erau grupa\u0163i \u00eentr-o confrerie … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4229,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[475],"tags":[358,38,1301,1300,1299],"class_list":["post-4228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-conspiratii-mistere","tag-conspiratii-si-mistere","tag-francmasonerie","tag-iluminati","tag-lavater","tag-swedenborg","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nFrancmasoneria, o istorie secret\u0103 de dou\u0103 milenii - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/francmasoneria-o-istorie-secreta-de-doua-milenii\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Francmasoneria, o istorie secret\u0103 de dou\u0103 milenii\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00cenceputul, acum dou\u0103 milenii, \u00een perioada Imperiului Roman Istoria francmasoneriei este considerat\u0103 de majoritatea cercet\u0103torilor a debuta \u00een perioada regelui Numa Pompilius, succesorul lui Romulus. 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