{"id":30449,"date":"2013-09-21T12:01:49","date_gmt":"2013-09-21T09:01:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=30449"},"modified":"2013-10-15T23:50:30","modified_gmt":"2013-10-15T20:50:30","slug":"explozia-halifax-sau-dezastrul-vasului-mont-blanc-cea-mai-mare-explozie-a-tuturor-timpurilor-cu-exceptia-bombelor-atomice-de-la-hiroshima-si-nagasaki","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/explozia-halifax-sau-dezastrul-vasului-mont-blanc-cea-mai-mare-explozie-a-tuturor-timpurilor-cu-exceptia-bombelor-atomice-de-la-hiroshima-si-nagasaki\/","title":{"rendered":"„Explozia Halifax” sau „dezastrul vasului Mont Blanc”, cea mai mare explozie a tuturor timpurilor (cu excep\u0163ia bombelor atomice de la Hiroshima \u015fi Nagasaki)"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"halifax<\/a>Dezastrul vasului Mont Blanc a fost cea mai mare explozie a tuturor timpurilor, l\u0103s\u00e2nd la o parte faptul c\u0103 s-a produs pe vreme de r\u0103zboi. De asemenea, aceasta este cea mai mare explozie provocat\u0103 de m\u00e2na omului \u00eenainte de lansarea, \u00een 1945, a bombei atomice deasupra ora\u015fului Hiroshima. Num\u0103rul de mor\u0163i \u015fi pagubele materiale provocate de explozie au transformat-o \u00eentr-un adev\u0103rat cataclism.<\/p>\n

Oamenii din Nova Sco\u0163ia (Canada) tr\u0103iau, \u00een permanen\u0163\u0103, cu g\u00e2ndul la r\u0103zboi. Nu puteau face abstrac\u0163ie de ceea ce se petrecea \u00een Europa datorit\u0103 \u015firului continuu de vapoare care intrau \u015fi ie\u015feau din portul lor, \u00eendrept\u00e2ndu-se spre teatrul r\u0103zboiului sau \u00eentorc\u00e2ndu-se ca s\u0103 se alimenteze \u00eenainte de a porni din nou la drum.<\/p>\n

Un vas de r\u0103zboi plin de explozibili p\u0103trunde \u00een portul Halifax<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen diminea\u0163a zilei de joi, 6 decembrie 1917, vasul francez de lupt\u0103 Mont Blanc a intrat \u00een Portul Halifax care are o lungime de 9 kilometri. El venea din nordul Atlanticului pentru a se \u00eent\u00e2lni cu vasul britanic de r\u0103zboi High Flyer. Mont Blanc pornise din Fran\u0163a \u015fi mersese c\u0103tre New York, de unde luase o uria\u015f\u0103 \u00eenc\u0103rc\u0103tur\u0103 de explozivi. Avea la bord treizeci \u015fi cinci de tone de benzen lichid, dou\u0103 mii trei sute de tone de acid picric uscat (o substan\u0163\u0103 folosit\u0103 la explozivi), dou\u0103 sute de tone de TNT, zece tone de fitil pentru pu\u015fti \u015fi trei sute de cutii cu muni\u0163ie. High Flyer urma s\u0103 escorteze nava Mont Blanc \u00een Europa, unde trupele franceze a\u015fteptau cu ner\u0103bdare muni\u0163ia \u015fi explozivii pe care \u00eei ducea aceasta.<\/p>\n

Un vas belgian se \u00eendreapt\u0103 vertiginos spre Mont Blanc…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mont Blanc a \u00eenceput s\u0103 se deplaseze prin canalul portului care avea o l\u0103\u0163ime de aproape 800 m, \u00eenaint\u00e2nd \u00eencet \u015fi cu grij\u0103 c\u0103tre acea parte a canalului cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de \u201eStr\u00e2mtorile”. \u00cen acela\u015fi timp, vasul belgian Imo se \u00eendrepta spre ie\u015firea din canal. Pilotul de pe Mont Blanc s-a alarmat brusc, v\u0103z\u00e2nd c\u0103 Imo se \u00eendrepta direct spre vasul lui. Pilotul a sunat din sirena vasului Mont Blanc \u015fi Imo a semnalizat prin fluier\u0103turi c\u0103 manevra spre babord, adic\u0103 spre st\u00e2nga, ceea ce \u00eensemna c\u0103 va ajunge \u00een acela\u015fi canal de naviga\u0163ie ca \u015fi Mont Blanc. Mont Blanc era \u00een dreapta lui \u015fi c\u0103pitanul a sperat c\u0103 Imo a gre\u015fit semnalizarea \u015fi c\u0103, de fapt, va r\u0103m\u00e2ne \u00een dreapta lui, ceea ce ar fi \u00eensemnat c\u0103 este la distan\u0163\u0103 de Mont Blanc \u015fi de malul Richmond, care forma latura de sud a canalului.<\/p>\n

Un incendiu a izbucnit instantaneu…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dar Imo a continuat s\u0103 se \u00eendrepte direct spre Mont Blanc \u015fi, de\u015fi acesta a \u00eencercat s\u0103 fac\u0103 c\u00e2teva manevre, Imo luase un curs de coliziune cu nava \u00eenc\u0103rcat\u0103 cu muni\u0163ie de r\u0103zboi. V\u0103z\u00e2nd c\u0103 ciocnirea era inevitabil\u0103, c\u0103pitanul de pe Mont Blanc a \u00eentors nava \u00een a\u015fa fel \u00eenc\u00e2t Imo s\u0103 nu loveasc\u0103 \u00een acea parte din caren\u0103 sub care era depozitat\u0103 dinamita. Aceast\u0103 manevr\u0103 a reu\u015fit \u00een sensul c\u0103 Imo nu a lovit partea cu TNT, dar a sf\u00ee\u015fiat carena acolo unde se aflau acidul picric, benzenul \u015fi mari cantit\u0103\u0163i de fitil de pu\u015fc\u0103. Dou\u0103zeci \u015fi cinci de barili de benzin\u0103 au fost elibera\u0163i \u00een aer, amesteca\u0163i cu acidul, \u015fi focul a izbucnit instantaneu.<\/p>\n

Echipajul a p\u0103r\u0103sit nava, iar aceasta, abandonat\u0103, s-a lovit de un chei…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Mai \u00eent\u00e2i, echipajul de pe Mont Blanc a \u00eencercat cu mult curaj s\u0103 sting\u0103 focul, d\u00e2ndu-\u015fi seama de pericolul ca acesta s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la dinamit\u0103. Eforturile lor au fost \u00eens\u0103 zadarnice, \u015fi c\u00e2teva clipe mai t\u00e2rziu c\u0103pitanul a dat ordinul de p\u0103r\u0103sire a vasului. Oamenii lui au s\u0103rit \u00een b\u0103rcile de salvare \u015fi au v\u00e2slit nebune\u015fte spre \u0163\u0103rm. Mont Blanc era \u00een fl\u0103c\u0103ri \u015fi plutea \u00een deriv\u0103, \u00een timp ce Imo se \u00eendrepta c\u0103tre malul de nord al canalului \u015fi ora\u015ful Dartmouth. La c\u00e2teva minute dup\u0103 ce echipajul a abandonat nava, Mont Blanc s-a lovit de un chei \u015fi i-a dat foc. Departamentul de Incendii din Halifax a reac\u0163ionat imediat, iar agita\u0163ia \u015fi zgomotul au atras spre port zeci de oameni, inclusiv mul\u0163i copii care au venit \u00een fug\u0103 s\u0103 vad\u0103 spectacolul. Mare gre\u015feal\u0103!<\/p>\n

Explozia a spulberat suburbia unui ora\u015f!<\/strong><\/p>\n

La ora 9:05, la dou\u0103zeci de minute dup\u0103 ciocnirea dintre cele dou\u0103 vase, Mont Blanc a explodat. Suflul exploziei a fost at\u00e2t de puternic, \u00eenc\u00e2t a spulberat suburbia ora\u015fului Richmond \u015fi tot ce se afla acolo. Peste 1600 de oameni au fost uci\u015fi instantaneu. 325 de acri de construc\u0163ii au fost f\u0103cute una cu p\u0103m\u00e2ntul. Cioburile zbur\u0103toare au orbit 1000 de oameni; r\u0103ni\u0163ii erau cu miile \u015fi peste tot au izbucnit incendii.<\/p>\n

Mul\u0163i oameni au murit, \u00eenghe\u0163\u00e2nd sub d\u0103r\u00e2m\u0103turi<\/strong><\/p>\n

De \u00eendat\u0103 ce lumea a aflat despre dezastre, au venit trenuri cu ajutoare, muncitori pentru salvare, zeci de lucr\u0103tori din serviciile medicale. Mul\u0163i dintre r\u0103ni\u0163i nu mai puteau fi ajuta\u0163i. Lucrurile erau complicate \u015fi de un viscol care s-a ab\u0103tut peste ora\u015fele Richmond \u015fi Dartmouth timp de c\u00e2teva zile dup\u0103 explozie, fr\u00e2n\u00e2nd serios eforturile echipelor de salvare, c\u0103ci molozul \u015fi ruinele s-au acoperit cu z\u0103pad\u0103. Mul\u0163i dintre cei care ar fi putut fi salva\u0163i au murit din cauza expunerii la frig \u015fi a complica\u0163iilor generate de faptul c\u0103 st\u0103tuser\u0103 at\u00e2t de mult sub ruine.<\/p>\n

Statele Maine \u015fi Massachusetts au fost deosebit de energice \u00een acordarea de ajutor. Ziarul canadian The Globe<\/em> nota generozitatea acestora, compasiunea \u015fi altruismul oamenilor, \u00eentr-un reportaj pe pagina \u00eent\u00eei intitulat \u201eSplendid ajutor de la aliatul nostru”<\/em>, publicat a doua zi dup\u0103 catastrof\u0103.<\/p>\n

Echipajul de pe Mont Blanc a sc\u0103pat!<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00centregul echipaj de pe Mont Blanc a supravie\u0163uit, de\u015fi unul din oameni a murit mai t\u00e2rziu, din cauza r\u0103nilor c\u0103p\u0103tate \u00een timpul exploziilor. Din echipajul navei Imo au pierit \u015fapte oameni; vasul s-a reconstruit, i s-a schimbat numele \u015fi a fost pus din nou pe ap\u0103. S-a scufundat cinci ani mai t\u00e2rziu, dup\u0103 ce s-a izbit de un recif \u00een largul coastelor Insulelor Falkland.<\/p>\n

Ast\u0103zi, ora\u015ful Halifax comemoreaz\u0103 \u00een mod regulat pierderile de vie\u0163i omene\u015fti \u00een enorma explozie provocat\u0103 de cineva care a suflat ni\u015fte note gre\u015fite.<\/p>\n

\"explozia<\/a><\/p>\n

\"explozia<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dezastrul vasului Mont Blanc a fost cea mai mare explozie a tuturor timpurilor, l\u0103s\u00e2nd la o parte faptul c\u0103 s-a produs pe vreme de r\u0103zboi. De asemenea, aceasta este cea mai mare explozie provocat\u0103 de m\u00e2na omului \u00eenainte de lansarea, … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":30450,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[930,272,6960,1230,202,6386,2057,1741,1532,6958,6959,2058,291,6961,1220,6962,6673],"class_list":["post-30449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-bomba-atomica","tag-canada","tag-dinamita","tag-explozie","tag-franta","tag-halifax","tag-hiroshima","tag-incendiu","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-mont-blanc","tag-munitie","tag-nagasaki","tag-nava","tag-nova-scotia","tag-primul-razboi-mondial","tag-richmond","tag-tnt","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\n"Explozia Halifax" sau "dezastrul vasului Mont Blanc", cea mai mare explozie a tuturor timpurilor (cu excep\u0163ia bombelor atomice de la Hiroshima \u015fi Nagasaki) - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/explozia-halifax-sau-dezastrul-vasului-mont-blanc-cea-mai-mare-explozie-a-tuturor-timpurilor-cu-exceptia-bombelor-atomice-de-la-hiroshima-si-nagasaki\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\""Explozia Halifax" sau "dezastrul vasului Mont Blanc", cea mai mare explozie a tuturor timpurilor (cu excep\u0163ia bombelor atomice de la Hiroshima \u015fi Nagasaki)\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Dezastrul vasului Mont Blanc a fost cea mai mare explozie a tuturor timpurilor, l\u0103s\u00e2nd la o parte faptul c\u0103 s-a produs pe vreme de r\u0103zboi. 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