{"id":26993,"date":"2013-03-03T10:55:49","date_gmt":"2013-03-03T08:55:49","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.net\/wp52\/?p=26993"},"modified":"2013-03-05T20:59:06","modified_gmt":"2013-03-05T18:59:06","slug":"o-mare-enigma-istorica-printul-ludovic-al-xvii-lea-al-frantei-nu-a-murit-in-inchisoare-si-a-trait-ca-ceasornicar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/o-mare-enigma-istorica-printul-ludovic-al-xvii-lea-al-frantei-nu-a-murit-in-inchisoare-si-a-trait-ca-ceasornicar\/","title":{"rendered":"O mare enigm\u0103 istoric\u0103: prin\u0163ul Ludovic al XVII-lea al Fran\u0163ei nu a murit de mic \u00een \u00eenchisoare \u015fi a tr\u0103it ca ceasornicar?"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>\u00cen anul 1785, c\u00e2nd s-a n\u0103scut Charles-Louis de Bourbon, fiul regelui francez Ludovic al XVI-lea, era evident c\u0103-l a\u015fteapt\u0103 o via\u0163\u0103 str\u0103lucit\u0103. De\u015fi era mezinul familiei, fiind b\u0103iat, el urma s\u0103 mo\u015fteneasc\u0103 tronul Fran\u0163ei, iar nu sora sa, Maria Tereza. Urma s\u0103 st\u0103p\u00e2neasc\u0103 palate luxoase \u015fi mari latifundii. Francezii, \u00eens\u0103, care duceau o via\u0163\u0103 grea, nu erau \u00eenc\u00e2nta\u0163i de ideea de a le fi rege. Louis avea doar 4 ani c\u00e2nd \u00een Paris a izbucnit revolu\u0163ia, mul\u0163imea cer\u00e2nd abolirea monarhiei.<\/p>\n

Ghilotinarea p\u0103rin\u0163ilor micului delfin<\/strong><\/p>\n

P\u0103rin\u0163ii lui Louis, Ludovic al XVI-lea \u015fi Maria-Antoaneta, al c\u0103ror mod de via\u0163\u0103 luxos \u00eei \u00eenfuriase pe supu\u015fii greu \u00eencerca\u0163i, au ajuns \u00een captivitate. \u00cen perioada furtunoasei copil\u0103rii a democra\u0163iei franceze, c\u00e2nd \u0163ara era guvernat\u0103 de comitete, Ludovic, Maria-Antoaneta \u015fi copiii lor au avut domiciliu for\u0163at timp de doi ani. \u00cen 1793, \u00eens\u0103, norocul i-a p\u0103r\u0103sit pe Ludovic al XVI-lea \u015fi pe so\u0163ia sa, ace\u015ftia fiind uci\u015fi.<\/p>\n

Delfinul ajunge \u00een \u00eenchisoare<\/strong><\/p>\n

Membrii Conven\u0163iei i-au \u00eenchis pe micul Louis \u015fi pe sora sa \u00een \u00eenchisoarea Temple, din Paris. Regali\u015ftii refugia\u0163i \u00een str\u0103in\u0103tate l-au proclamat rege pe b\u0103ie\u0163elul de 7 ani, sub numele de Ludovic al XVII-lea. F\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103 c\u0103 mul\u0163i membri ai Adun\u0103rii Na\u0163ionale i-ar fi trimis cu drag\u0103 inim\u0103 la ghilotin\u0103 pe micul rege \u015fi pe sora sa. Totu\u015fi, nu puteau subestima importan\u0163a copilului pentru negocierile cu \u0163\u0103rile vecine inamice. Familiile regale din Austria, Prusia \u015fi Spania, au pornit de mai multe ori lupte la frontiera Fran\u0163ei, pentru a \u00eencerca restabilirea monarhiei. De aceea, cei doi prizonieri din \u00eenchisoarea Temple erau foarte importanti pentru membrii Adun\u0103rii Na\u0163ionale.<\/p>\n

\u00centre timp, regali\u015ftii afla\u0163i \u00een exil \u015fi simpatizan\u0163ii lor parizieni au f\u0103cut nenum\u0103rate tentative de mituire, pentru a-l elibera pe micul Louis, care era \u00eengrozit de cele \u00eent\u00e2mplate. C\u00e2\u0163iva membri ai Adun\u0103rii Na\u0163ionale, tem\u00e2ndu-se de \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerea revolu\u0163iei, pl\u0103nuiau s\u0103-l duc\u0103 pe Louis \u00eentr-o ascunz\u0103toare secret\u0103. Astfel, dac\u0103 regali\u015ftii ar fi devenit st\u0103p\u00e2ni pe situa\u0163ie, copiii le-ar fi putut salva via\u0163a acestor revolu\u0163ionari.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/a>Se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndi un zvon conform c\u0103ruia micul Louis ar fi disp\u0103rut din \u00eenchisoare…<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen cur\u00e2nd, \u00een Paris a \u00eenceput s\u0103 se r\u0103sp\u00e2ndeasc\u0103 zvonul c\u0103 Louis disp\u0103ruse din \u00eenchisoarea Temple, \u00een condi\u0163ii misterioase, pentru a garanta rena\u015fterea monarhiei. Pentru a risipi aceste temeri, Adunarea Na\u0163ional\u0103 a numit o comisie de tutori, care aveau sarcina de a-i vizita \u00een mod regulat pe micul Louis \u015fi pe sora sa, dup\u0103 care trebuiau s\u0103 \u00eentocmeasc\u0103 un raport.<\/p>\n

Era delfinul surdo-mut?<\/strong><\/p>\n

La 19 decembrie 1794, Harmand, unul dintre membrii Adun\u0103rii Na\u0163ionale, l-a vizitat pe b\u0103ie\u0163elul de 9 ani \u00een celula sa. \u00cen raportul s\u0103u, a prezentat starea precar\u0103 a s\u0103n\u0103t\u0103\u0163ii copilului, care avea bra\u0163ele \u015fi picioarele pline de umfl\u0103turi. Pe Harmand l-a uimit mai ales modul \u00een care a reac\u0163ionat copilul la \u00eentreb\u0103rile sale despre felul \u00een care era tratat. Nu p\u0103rea a auzi \u00eentreb\u0103rile care \u00eei erau adresate \u015fi nu a scos niciun cuv\u00e2nt. P\u0103rea surdo-mut. Raportul lui Harmand a fost mu\u015famalizat.<\/p>\n

Delfinul muri de scrofuloz\u0103 \u00een \u00eenchisoare?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen mai 1795, b\u0103ie\u0163elul din Temple s-a \u00eemboln\u0103vit grav. De\u015fi a beneficiat de \u00eengrijire medical\u0103, starea copilului s-a \u00eenr\u0103ut\u0103\u0163it continuu, Louis deced\u00e2nd \u00een noaptea de 8 iunie. Cei patru medici desemna\u0163i de Comisia Siguran\u0163ei Publice au f\u0103cut repede autopsia copilului decedat, i-au scos inima \u015fi i-au examinat \u00een mod am\u0103nun\u0163it creierul. Au stabilit drept cauz\u0103 a decesului scrofuloza, mai exact ftizia glandelor limfatice ale g\u00e2tului. Nu a avut, \u00eens\u0103, loc o identificare a cadavrului de c\u0103tre sora sa, Maria Tereza, care era de\u0163inut\u0103 \u00eentr-o alt\u0103 arip\u0103 a \u00eenchisorii. Cadavrul a fost \u00eenmorm\u00e2ntat \u00een grab\u0103 \u00eentr-o groap\u0103 comun\u0103 din gr\u0103dina bisericii Saint Marguerite. A doua zi, s-a declarat, f\u0103r\u0103 nicio alt\u0103 explica\u0163ie, c\u0103 b\u0103iatul a murit.<\/p>\n

Micul Louis nu murise cu adev\u0103rat?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Se zvonea, \u00eens\u0103, c\u0103 Louis nu murise. Nu trecuse niciun deceniu de la aceste \u00eent\u00e2mpl\u0103ri, c\u00e2nd, dup\u0103 campaniile glorioase de cucerire, Napoleon \u015fi-a \u00eentemeiat propria dinastie. S-a \u00eencoronat \u00eemp\u0103rat, iar copiilor, fra\u0163ilor \u015fi prietenilor s\u0103i le-a donat titluri nobiliare. Dup\u0103 \u00eenfr\u00e2ngerea de la Waterloo, din 1815, alia\u0163ii au considerat c\u0103 a sosit vremea ca tronul Fran\u0163ei s\u0103 fie redat adev\u0103ratei familii regale. Alegerea lor s-a oprit asupra fratelui regelui decapitat, care a fost \u00eencoronat sub numele de Ludovic al XVIII-lea. Zeci de b\u0103rba\u0163i, \u00een v\u00e2rst\u0103 de 30 de ani, au pretins atunci c\u0103 sunt Louis \u015fi, deci, li se cuvine dreptul de a guverna Fran\u0163a. To\u0163i ace\u015ftia de\u0163ineau informa\u0163ii privind \u00eenlocuirea copilului din \u00eenchisoarea Temple.<\/p>\n

Un ceasornicar din Londra era cu adev\u0103rat Louis al Fran\u0163ei?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Cea mai ciudat\u0103 preten\u0163ie a venit cu cincisprezece ani mai t\u00e2rziu, de la un ceasornicar prusac, ce tr\u0103ia \u00een Londra, \u00een 1830, c\u00e2nd o nou\u0103 revolu\u0163ie, mai pu\u0163in s\u00e2ngeroas\u0103, a \u00eendep\u0103rtat familia Bourbonilor de pe tronul Fran\u0163ei. Naundorff a f\u0103cut un raport lung \u015fi am\u0103nun\u0163it despre cele petrecute \u00een urm\u0103 cu 35 de ani. Spunea c\u0103, la 8 iunie 1795, a fost drogat cu opiu \u015fi scos din \u00eenchisoarea Temple, dup\u0103 care, timp de 14 ani, a fost purtat dintr-o cas\u0103 \u00een alta, \u00een Fran\u0163a, Anglia \u015fi Germania. Sus\u0163inea c\u0103 \u00een 1800, regele Prusiei i-a eliberat acte false pe numele de Karl Naundorff. Dup\u0103 ce a isp\u0103\u015fit o condamnare pentru falsificare de bani, s-a c\u0103s\u0103torit \u015fi s-a stabilit \u00een Anglia.<\/p>\n

D\u0103daca lui Louis \u00eel recunoa\u015fte pe ceasornicarul Naundorff ca fiind adev\u0103ratul mo\u015ftenitor al tronului Fran\u0163ei<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen anul 1833, a organizat o \u00eent\u00e2lnire cu Madame Rambaud, d\u0103daca lui Louis \u015fi cu vicontele de Rochefoucauld, reprezentantul prin\u0163esei de Angouleme, sora lui Louis. D\u0103daca era convins\u0103 de identitatea barbatului, iar vicontele a declarat c\u0103 a fost fascinat de afirma\u0163iile lui Naundorff \u015fi de asem\u0103narea sa impresionant\u0103 cu Ludovic al XVI-lea, tat\u0103l lui Louis.<\/p>\n

Au existat numeroase tentative de asasinare ale lui Naundorff, dou\u0103 din acestea av\u00e2nd loc \u00een 1841. Pe atunci, Naundorff \u00eencerca s\u0103-\u015fi c\u00e2\u015ftige p\u00e2inea fabric\u00e2nd arme. \u00cen urma unei explozii provocate inten\u0163ionat, a fost grav r\u0103nit. \u00cen cursul aceluia\u015fi an, casa i-a fost incendiat\u0103. \u00centruc\u00e2t incendiul i-a mistuit locuin\u0163a, Naundorff a r\u0103mas s\u0103rac, fiind \u00eenchis timp de patru ani \u00een \u00eenchisoarea datornicilor, New Gate.<\/p>\n

La autopsia ceasornicarului, s-au remarcat semne particulare ale prin\u0163ului Louis<\/strong><\/p>\n

Conform certificatului de deces, emis \u00een Olanda, pe b\u0103rbatul de 60 de ani \u00eel chema Charles Louis de Bourbon, prin\u0163 de Normandia, fiul lui Ludovic al XVI-lea \u015fi al Mariei-Antoaneta. \u00cen urma autopsiei, medicul olandez a remarcat c\u00e2teva semne particulare pe corpul s\u0103u: o aluni\u0163\u0103 pe coaps\u0103, c\u00e2teva urme triunghiulare de vaccin pe bra\u0163e, o cicatrice pe buz\u0103. Aceste semne se potriveau cu descrierea f\u0103cut\u0103 de Madame Rambaud, care fusese doica lui Louis, de la na\u015fterea sa p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een anul 1792, cu un an \u00eenainte de \u00eenchiderea sa \u00een Temple.<\/p>\n

Dac\u0103 \u00eentr-adev\u0103r Karl Naundorff era Louis de Bourbon, atunci conduc\u0103torii Revolu\u0163iei Franceze l-au deposedat de dreptul de a-\u015fi juca rolul pe scena istoriei. Dar, dac\u0103 povestea este adev\u0103rat\u0103, cine au fost conspiratorii lipsi\u0163i de inim\u0103, regali\u015fti sau revolu\u0163ionari, care l-au dus \u00een \u00eenchisoarea Temple, l\u0103s\u00e2nd \u00een locul s\u0103u un b\u0103ie\u0163el surdo-mut, care, din cauza bolii de care suferea, a murit \u00een celula pu\u015fc\u0103riei?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u00cen anul 1785, c\u00e2nd s-a n\u0103scut Charles-Louis de Bourbon, fiul regelui francez Ludovic al XVI-lea, era evident c\u0103-l a\u015fteapt\u0103 o via\u0163\u0103 str\u0103lucit\u0103. De\u015fi era mezinul familiei, fiind b\u0103iat, el urma s\u0103 mo\u015fteneasc\u0103 tronul Fran\u0163ei, iar nu sora sa, Maria Tereza. … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":26995,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[6122,6121,202,164,1532,173,712,3598,1153,108,201,429,331,453,578,5706],"class_list":["post-26993","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-autopsie","tag-ceasornicar","tag-franta","tag-inchisoare","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-londra","tag-ludovic-al-xvi-lea","tag-ludovic-al-xvii-lea","tag-maria-antoaneta","tag-moarte","tag-napoleon","tag-olanda","tag-prusia","tag-rege","tag-revolutia-franceza","tag-surdo-muti","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nO mare enigm\u0103 istoric\u0103: prin\u0163ul Ludovic al XVII-lea al Fran\u0163ei nu a murit de mic \u00een \u00eenchisoare \u015fi a tr\u0103it ca ceasornicar? - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/o-mare-enigma-istorica-printul-ludovic-al-xvii-lea-al-frantei-nu-a-murit-in-inchisoare-si-a-trait-ca-ceasornicar\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O mare enigm\u0103 istoric\u0103: prin\u0163ul Ludovic al XVII-lea al Fran\u0163ei nu a murit de mic \u00een \u00eenchisoare \u015fi a tr\u0103it ca ceasornicar?\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00cen anul 1785, c\u00e2nd s-a n\u0103scut Charles-Louis de Bourbon, fiul regelui francez Ludovic al XVI-lea, era evident c\u0103-l a\u015fteapt\u0103 o via\u0163\u0103 str\u0103lucit\u0103. 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