{"id":16069,"date":"2010-12-21T21:22:53","date_gmt":"2010-12-21T19:22:53","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.net\/wp52\/?p=16069"},"modified":"2010-12-22T20:39:07","modified_gmt":"2010-12-22T18:39:07","slug":"noaptea-cutitelor-lungi-sau-cum-au-fost-distruse-trupele-de-soc-ale-nazistilor","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/noaptea-cutitelor-lungi-sau-cum-au-fost-distruse-trupele-de-soc-ale-nazistilor\/","title":{"rendered":"Noaptea cu\u0163itelor lungi sau cum au fost distruse trupele de \u015foc ale nazi\u015ftilor"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a>Rohm, puternicul tovar\u0103\u015f de lupt\u0103 a lui Hitler<\/strong><\/p>\n

30 iunie 1934, ora dou\u0103 diminea\u0163a. Ernst Rohm, \u015feful forma\u0163iunilor de asalt ale Germaniei naziste, dormea profund \u00een camera lui de hotel de lux din Wiessee, o sta\u0163iune balnear\u0103 lini\u015ftit\u0103 \u015fi cochet\u0103. Rohm nu era un oarecare. Datorit\u0103 lui, datorit\u0103 \u201ec\u0103m\u0103\u015filor brune” pe care le-a recrutat el \u00eensu\u015fi, le-a echipat, format \u015fi organizat, vechiul lui prieten, Adolf Hitler a putut s\u0103 ajung\u0103 la putere. Forma\u0163iunile de asalt (SA Sturmabteilung) ale lui Rohm au terorizat ora\u015fele germane atunci c\u00e2nd Fuhrerul nu era \u00eenc\u0103 dec\u00e2t un anarhist practic necunoscut \u015fi, \u00een orice caz, pe care nimeni nu-l lua \u00een serios. Forma\u0163iunile de asalt jefuiser\u0103 magazinele apar\u0163in\u00e2nd evreilor \u015fi perturbaser\u0103 reuniunile \u015fi adun\u0103rile tuturor celorlalte partide germane. Pe scurt, Rohm a crezut de la bun \u00eenceput \u00een Hitler \u015fi nu \u015fi-a dr\u0103muit osteneala.<\/p>\n

\"Ernst<\/a>
Ernst Rohm<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Dup\u0103 ani grei de lupte solitare, iat\u0103 c\u0103, datorit\u0103 forma\u0163iunilor de asalt, Hitler a devenit un \u015fef politic de care trebuia s\u0103 se \u0163in\u0103 seama de acum \u00eenainte. \u00cen a\u015fa m\u0103sur\u0103, \u00eenc\u00e2t b\u0103tr\u00e2nul mare\u015fal Hindenburg a fost nevoit s\u0103-i ofere postul de cancelar al Reichului la 30 ianuarie 1933. \u00cen acel moment, SA avea trei sute de mii de oameni. La sf\u00e2r\u015fitul anului 1933, aceste forma\u0163iuni vor avea dou\u0103 milioane trei sute de mii de oameni. Rohm va culege \u00een sf\u00e2r\u015fit fructele luptelor \u015fi eforturilor f\u0103cute. Era cel mai vechi \u015fi cel mai eficace tovar\u0103\u015f al lui Hitler. Pe deasupra, adorat de oamenii lui, era foarte puternic. A\u015fadar, putea s\u0103 doarm\u0103 lini\u015ftit.<\/p>\n

\u015ei Rohm este arestat tocmai de Hitler…<\/strong><\/p>\n

Totu\u015fi, \u00een noaptea aceea, u\u015fa camerei lui s-a deschis brusc \u015fi un b\u0103rbat furios, profer\u00e2nd injurii, s-a dat jos din pat \u015fi a strigat:<\/p>\n

– S\u0103 fie arestat!<\/em><\/p>\n

Rohm a r\u0103mas \u00eenm\u0103rmurit. Nu \u00een\u0163elegea ce i se \u00eent\u00e2mpla. \u015ei avea dreptate: omul dezl\u0103n\u0163uit, care venise s\u0103-i tulbure astfel somnul, trebuia s\u0103 fie primit de el chiar \u00een ziua aceea, cu mare pomp\u0103, cu ocazia reuniunii de la Wiessee a tuturor marilor \u015fefi SA. \u00cen plus, pe acest om \u00eel cuno\u015ftea de mult\u0103 vreme \u015fi se \u00eentreba dac\u0103 nu cumva era victima unui co\u015fmar formidabil. \u015ei totu\u015fi, nu, Rohm nu visa. Omul care venise s\u0103-l aresteze \u00een plin\u0103 noapte nu era altul dec\u00e2t cel c\u0103ruia el \u00eei asigurase victoria, c\u0103ruia \u00eei deschisese drumul, dar care mai avea multe de f\u0103cut. \u015ei cum le va face f\u0103r\u0103 prietenul s\u0103u Rohm \u015fi cele dou\u0103 milioane cinci sute de mii de oameni de-ai lui din forma\u0163iunile de asalt? Totu\u015fi, cel care spumega \u00een fa\u0163a b\u0103tr\u00e2nului \u015fef SA \u015fi \u00eel privea plec\u00e2nd f\u0103r\u0103 s\u0103 clipeasc\u0103 \u00eentre doi solda\u0163i SS nu este altul dec\u00e2t Adolf Hitler \u00een persoan\u0103. Ce se \u00eent\u00e2mplase?<\/p>\n

<\/p>\n

\"Hitler<\/a><\/strong>
Hitler si Rohm, cand inca mai erau tovarasi<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hitler nu-\u015fi dorea altceva dec\u00e2t puterea absolut\u0103<\/strong><\/p>\n

Se \u00eent\u00e2mplase c\u0103 un vechi combatant curajos \u00een lupt\u0103, dar lipsit de subtilitate, mai mult pi\u015ficher dec\u00e2t inteligent, precum Rohm, nu \u00een\u0163elesese nimic din personalitatea \u015fefului s\u0103u, Adolf Hitler, \u015fi \u00eenc\u0103 \u015fi mai pu\u0163in obiectivele lui politice. Ceea ce-l interesa pe Hitler nu era o revolu\u0163ie na\u0163ional\u0103 \u015fi social\u0103 oarecare, ci puterea ca atare, puterea ca mijloc de executare a unui plan sumar, dar precis: s\u0103 poarte un r\u0103zboi pentru Germania Mare, s\u0103 nimiceasc\u0103 din temelii comunismul, s\u0103-i extermine pe evreii vinova\u0163i, dup\u0103 p\u0103rerea lui, de toate relele.<\/p>\n

\u015ei-a dorit vreodat\u0103 Hitler revolu\u0163ia social\u0103?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Devenit cancelar, Hitler voia puterea absolut\u0103. Or, b\u0103tr\u00e2nul pre\u015fedinte Hindenburg era pe moarte \u015fi to\u0163i \u015ftiau c\u0103 se g\u00e2ndea s\u0103 readuc\u0103 la putere familia Hohenzollern. Prin urmare, Hitler se gr\u0103bea s\u0103 pactizeze cu armata german\u0103, dominat\u0103 de o tradi\u0163ie care excludea vulgaritatea forma\u0163iunilor de asalt, \u015fi, de asemenea, cu trusturile care de\u0163ineau cheile economiei \u015fi banii, precum cel al lui Fritz Thyssen, de exemplu. Or, Rohm credea c\u0103 Hitler urm\u0103rea revolu\u0163ia social\u0103. Nu \u00eenscrisese Hitler \u00een programul lui din 1920 urm\u0103toarele obiective: abolirea tuturor veniturilor care nu sunt produsul muncii \u015fi al eforturilor, zdrobirea sclaviei \u00eemprumutului c\u0103m\u0103t\u0103resc, na\u0163ionalizarea trusturilor?<\/p>\n

Trupele de \u015foc ale nazi\u015ftilor, dornice s\u0103 distrug\u0103 capitalismul german<\/strong><\/p>\n

Trupele de \u015foc ale partidului nazist erau constituite \u00een majoritate din \u015fomeri pr\u0103p\u0103di\u0163i, mici negustori ruina\u0163i, care se credeau ajun\u015fi \u00een aceast\u0103 situa\u0163ie din cauza marilor magazine ale evreilor \u015fi aveau convingerea c\u0103 totul se va schimba odat\u0103 cu venirea lui Hitler la putere. Dar Hitler, devenit cancelar, a avut de ales \u00eentre ofi\u0163erii Wermachtului, plus puterile financiare \u015fi acea mas\u0103 de mili\u0163ii brutale, care-\u015fi permiteau aproape totul, dornice s\u0103 destrame capitalismul apatrid, \u015fi ale c\u0103ror excese, pe l\u00e2ng\u0103 faptul v\u0103 f\u0103ceau Germaniei hitleriste o trist\u0103 imagine \u00een exterior, \u00eei \u00eensp\u0103im\u00e2ntau pe ofi\u0163eri \u015fi pe industria\u015fi.<\/p>\n

Hitler vroia s\u0103 par\u0103 om politic serios…a\u015fa c\u0103 vroia s\u0103 se debaraseze de trupele paramilitare naziste<\/strong><\/p>\n

Hitler, care nu dispunea \u00eenc\u0103 de toat\u0103 puterea, de\u015fi era foarte aproape s\u0103 pun\u0103 m\u00e2na pe ea, se temea s\u0103 nu fie demascat \u015fi considerat \u015feful unei bande de zurbagii \u015fi derbedei. Dorea s\u0103 fie privit ca un om politic serios. Dup\u0103 c\u00e2teva ezit\u0103ri, datorate recunoa\u015fterii serviciilor aduse de Rohm \u015fi de SA, Hitler a ales armata, industria\u015fii, bancherii.<\/p>\n

\u00cen plus, doi oameni a c\u0103ror stea \u00eencepuse s\u0103 urce pe firmamentul nazist \u00eel \u00eempingeau din umbr\u0103 s\u0103-l elimine pe Rohm, care devenise dup\u0103 p\u0103rerea lor prea puternic. De altfel, ace\u015fti doi oameni aveau s\u0103 \u201e\u00eembog\u0103\u0163easc\u0103” istoria cu ispr\u0103vile lor sinistre. Se numeau Himmler \u015fi Goring. Dar s\u0103-l elimini pe Rohm nu era chiar at\u00e2t de u\u015for. Trupele SS erau mai reduse numeric \u015fi mai pu\u0163in organizate. Trebuia s\u0103 se ac\u0163ioneze prin surprindere, cu violen\u0163\u0103 \u015fi f\u0103r\u0103 mil\u0103.<\/p>\n

\u00cen iunie 1934, Hitler \u015fi apropia\u0163ii s\u0103i decid suprimarea lui Rohm<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen ziua de 29 iunie 1934, Hitler \u0163inea sfat cu cei care mai t\u00e2rziu vor fi considera\u0163i criminali de r\u0103zboi. Erau prezen\u0163i: Himmler, Goring, Goebbels, \u00een fond numai lume bun\u0103. Hitler ezita \u00eenc\u0103 s\u0103-\u015fi doboare sau mai cur\u00e2nd s\u0103-\u015fi asasineze vechiul tovar\u0103\u015f de lupt\u0103. P\u00e2n\u0103 la urm\u0103, a cedat \u015fi, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din acel moment, implacabila ma\u015fin\u0103, bine rodat\u0103 de viitorul \u015fef suprem al Gestapoului, Himmler, dar inventat\u0103 de creierul diabolic al lui Goring, s-a pus \u00een mi\u015fcare. \u015eefii nazi\u015fti au hot\u0103r\u00e2t s\u0103 profite de ocazie \u015fi s\u0103-i lichideze pe to\u0163i cei care \u00eei incomodau, fie c\u0103 erau sau nu prieteni cu Rohm.<\/p>\n

Rohm a fost f\u0103cut prizonier, iar apropia\u0163ii s\u0103i, asasina\u0163i<\/strong><\/p>\n

Goring \u015fi Himmler au plecat la Berlin s\u0103 asiste la asasinate. Hitler \u015fi Goebbels au luat imediat avionul spre Weissee, unde \u015ftiau c\u0103 \u00eel vor g\u0103si pe Rohm, deoarece chiar a doua zi trebuia s\u0103-l primeasc\u0103 pe Hitler \u00een acest ora\u015f. La ora cinci diminea\u0163a, Hitler, Goebbels \u015fi un mic deta\u015fament SS \u00eenarmat p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een din\u0163i au p\u0103truns \u00een re\u015fedin\u0163a lui Rohm, i-au omor\u00e2t pe loc apropia\u0163ii \u015fi au pus m\u00e2na pe el. Prizonierul \u015fi cadavrele au fost duse cu o ma\u015fin\u0103 la Munchen. Pe drum, s-au \u00eent\u00e2lnit cu principalii \u015fefi SA pe care Rohm \u00eei invitase la Weissee. Ace\u015ftia au fost executa\u0163i sau, dup\u0103 caz, f\u0103cu\u0163i prizonieri. \u00cen acest timp, solda\u0163ii SS \u015fi membrii Gestapoului au f\u0103cut numeroase arest\u0103ri. I s-a prezentat lui Hitler o list\u0103 cu o sut\u0103 zece oameni care urmau s\u0103 fie \u00eempu\u015fca\u0163i. Fuhrerul a cru\u0163at doar nou\u0103sprezece.<\/p>\n

Lui Rohm i s-a oferit posibilitatea s\u0103 se sinucid\u0103, dar a refuzat<\/strong><\/p>\n

Apoi, Hitler a f\u0103cut un gest care, pentru el, constituia o ultim\u0103 dovad\u0103 de stim\u0103 \u015fi prietenie fa\u0163\u0103 de tovar\u0103\u015ful lui de cincisprezece ani de lupt\u0103: a dat ordin s\u0103 i se pun\u0103 la dispozi\u0163ie \u00een celul\u0103 un revolver. Era mai demn pentru Rohm, dar poate \u015fi mai comod pentru \u015fefii nazi\u015fti s\u0103 \u00eenchid\u0103 afacerea cu o sinucidere \u015fi nu cu o execu\u0163ie. Dar Rohm a refuzat, spun\u00e2nd:
\n– Dac\u0103 trebuie s\u0103 fiu ucis, s-o fac\u0103 Adolf \u00eensu\u015fi.<\/em><\/p>\n

Atunci, doi ofi\u0163eri SS au intrat \u00een celul\u0103 \u015fi au tras de aproape asupra lui. Astfel a sf\u00e2r\u015fit Ernst Rohm care, \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Hitler, preg\u0103tise venirea la putere a celui de-al III-lea Reich.<\/p>\n

Au avut loc un \u015fir de execu\u0163ii ale prietenilor lui Rohm<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00cen acest timp, la Berlin, Himmler \u015fi Goring nu st\u0103tuser\u0103 cu m\u00e2inile \u00een s\u00e2n. Cinci sute de \u015fefi SA au fost aduna\u0163i, alinia\u0163i la zid \u00eentr-o \u015fcoal\u0103 de c\u0103de\u0163i \u015fi \u00eempu\u015fca\u0163i de plutoanele SS \u015fi cele ale poli\u0163iei speciale. Dar n-au fost singurii. Generalul Von Schleiter, care nutrea ambi\u0163ia de a deveni vicecancelar, a fost ucis la el acas\u0103, ca \u015fi so\u0163ia sa, care a \u00eencercat s\u0103 se opun\u0103. Generalul Von Bredow a cunoscut o soart\u0103 identic\u0103. Peste o mie de personalit\u0103\u0163i au fost ucise din pur\u0103 r\u0103zbunare, pentru c\u0103, \u00een trecut, se opuseser\u0103 lui Hitler. Al\u0163ii au fost asasina\u0163i pentru c\u0103 \u015ftiau prea multe. De exemplu, trei oameni din SS care incendiaser\u0103 \u00eempreun\u0103 cu Rohm Reichstagul. Majoritatea execu\u0163iilor s-a terminat duminic\u0103 1 iulie la pr\u00e2nz, c\u00e2nd Hitler, care plecase la Munchen cu avionul, d\u0103dea la Berlin o petrecere la Cancelarie.<\/p>\n

Armata german\u0103, \u00eenc\u00e2ntat\u0103 de eliminarea rivalilor<\/strong><\/p>\n

Rezultatele politice ale acestui masacru \u015fi ale acestor regl\u0103ri de conturi nu au \u00eent\u00e2rziat s\u0103 apar\u0103. B\u0103tr\u00e2nul mare\u015fal Hindenburg, care se temea de domina\u0163ia cresc\u00e2nd\u0103 a forma\u0163iunilor de asalt asupra armatei germane, i-a mul\u0163umit lui Hitler pentru \u201eac\u0163iunea hot\u0103r\u00e2t\u0103 \u015fi curajoasa lui interven\u0163ie personal\u0103 care au permis \u00een\u0103bu\u015firea tr\u0103d\u0103rii \u00een fa\u015f\u0103 \u015fi salvarea poporului german de la o mare primejdie”.<\/em> \u015ei l-a felicitat \u015fi pe Goring pentru c\u0103 \u201eac\u0163ionase cu hot\u0103r\u00e2re \u015fi energie”<\/em>. Mar\u0163i, \u015feful Statului-Major al armatei germane, generalul Von Blomberg, a exprimat mul\u0163umiri lui Hitler, calific\u00e2nd masacrul drept o m\u0103sur\u0103 necesar\u0103 \u201eap\u0103r\u0103rii statului”. Armata era \u00eentr-adev\u0103r \u00eenc\u00e2ntat\u0103 de eliminarea rivalilor ei.<\/p>\n

Cum au \u00eenchis to\u0163i ochii la crimele lui Hitler<\/strong><\/p>\n

Dar ce s\u0103 zici de degradarea stupefiant\u0103 a organelor centrale ale unei mari \u0163\u0103ri industriale, de acea putreziciune diabolic\u0103 ce \u00eentuneca min\u0163ile cele mai str\u0103lucite \u015fi ale celor mai \u00eenal\u0163i responsabili, care nu-\u015fi d\u0103deau seama de natura real\u0103 a nazismului \u015fi nu se g\u00e2ndeau nici m\u0103car o secund\u0103 c\u0103 ar fi putut prea bine s\u0103 fie \u015fi ei la r\u00e2ndul lor victimele acestei barbarii. \u00cen ziua aceea, corpul ofi\u0163erilor de stat-major au felicitat \u00een mod deschis guvernul pentru c\u0103 preg\u0103tise un masacru f\u0103r\u0103 precedent \u00een istoria Germaniei, \u00een cursul c\u0103ruia doi dintre principalii lui ofi\u0163eri, generalul Von Schleiter \u015fi Von Bredow, califica\u0163i drept tr\u0103d\u0103tori, fuseser\u0103 asasina\u0163i cu s\u00e2nge rece. \u015ei aceast\u0103 armat\u0103, pe c\u00e2t de la\u015f\u0103, pe at\u00e2t de incon\u015ftient\u0103, l-a sus\u0163inut \u00een continuare pe Hitler c\u00e2nd acesta declara, \u00een discursul s\u0103u de la 13 iulie din Reichstag: \u201eDac\u0103 ni se repro\u015feaz\u0103 c\u0103 nu am f\u0103cut apel la tribunalele obi\u015fnuite, nu pot s\u0103 r\u0103spund dec\u00e2t c\u0103 \u00een clipa aceea eram r\u0103spunz\u0103tor de destinul poporului german \u015fi am devenit prin aceasta judec\u0103torul suprem al poporului german.”<\/em> \u015ei a ad\u0103ugat: \u201eFiecare trebuie s\u0103 \u015ftie de acum \u00eenainte c\u0103, dac\u0103 ridic\u0103 m\u00e2na s\u0103 loveasc\u0103 statul, atunci \u00eel a\u015fteapt\u0103 o moarte sigur\u0103.”<\/em><\/p>\n

F\u0103r\u0103 \u00eendoial\u0103 c\u0103 \u00een ziua aceea Germania \u015fi restul lumii aveau urechile astupate.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Rohm, puternicul tovar\u0103\u015f de lupt\u0103 a lui Hitler 30 iunie 1934, ora dou\u0103 diminea\u0163a. Ernst Rohm, \u015feful forma\u0163iunilor de asalt ale Germaniei naziste, dormea profund \u00een camera lui de hotel de lux din Wiessee, o sta\u0163iune balnear\u0103 lini\u015ftit\u0103 \u015fi cochet\u0103. … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":16070,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[70,3820,203,1891,85,1532,461],"class_list":["post-16069","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-armata","tag-ernst-rohm","tag-germania","tag-himmler","tag-hitler","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-nazism","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nNoaptea cu\u0163itelor lungi sau cum au fost distruse trupele de \u015foc ale nazi\u015ftilor - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/noaptea-cutitelor-lungi-sau-cum-au-fost-distruse-trupele-de-soc-ale-nazistilor\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Noaptea cu\u0163itelor lungi sau cum au fost distruse trupele de \u015foc ale nazi\u015ftilor\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Rohm, puternicul tovar\u0103\u015f de lupt\u0103 a lui Hitler 30 iunie 1934, ora dou\u0103 diminea\u0163a. 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