{"id":11882,"date":"2010-03-16T19:36:57","date_gmt":"2010-03-16T17:36:57","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.lovendal.net\/wp52\/?p=11882"},"modified":"2010-03-16T21:32:14","modified_gmt":"2010-03-16T19:32:14","slug":"republica-bacau-nu-e-o-gluma-a-existat-in-1848","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/republica-bacau-nu-e-o-gluma-a-existat-in-1848\/","title":{"rendered":"Republica Bac\u0103u! Nu e o glum\u0103…a existat \u00een 1848"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"Bacau\"<\/a>Eugen \u015eendrea \u00een minunata sa carte „Istoria pe placul tuturor”<\/em> ne poveste\u015fte un episod mai pu\u0163in cunoscut de c\u0103tre noi to\u0163i: faptul c\u0103 \u00een anul 1848, la Bac\u0103u era pe punctul s\u0103 se instaureze o republic\u0103!<\/p>\n

\u00cen anul 1848, Bac\u0103ul num\u0103ra doar 7.000 de suflete. Din punct de vedere \u201eurbanistic” avea \u201edou\u0103 strade principale: \u015eoseaua Domneasc\u0103 \u015fi Uli\u0163a Mare”, precum \u015fi vreo 3, 4 mahalale, zise „boere\u015fti \u015fi negustore\u015fti.” Nimeni \u00eens\u0103 din cei 7.000 de locuitori nu b\u0103nuia c\u0103 \u00eentr-o zi Bac\u0103ul va deveni… \u201eRepublic\u0103”!<\/p>\n

Valul revolu\u0163ionar izbucnit la Ia\u015fi se rostogolea peste a\u015fez\u0103rile moldovene. Jude\u0163ul mai cunoscuse, \u00eencep\u00e2nd din 1833 \u015fi p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1847, \u201etulbur\u0103ri \u015fi mi\u015fc\u0103ri”. \u0162\u0103ranii cl\u0103ca\u015fi, r\u0103ze\u015fi s\u0103r\u0103ci\u0163i, \u015favg\u0103i (t\u0103ietori de sare) de la Ocna, se ridicaser\u0103 \u00eempotriva tendin\u0163elor de acaparare a p\u0103m\u00e2nturilor de c\u0103tre boieri, a exploat\u0103rii, a abuzurilor de tot felul. Nenum\u0103ratele jalbe, pl\u00e2ngerile, nu reu\u015fir\u0103 s\u0103 \u00eenduplece regimul despotic al lui Mihai Sturza. Dimpotriv\u0103, m\u0103surile represive cresc. Boierii cu vederi progresiste, convin\u015fi de anacronismul regimului domnitorului Sturza, printre care Alecu Aslan, Vasile Sturza, Costache Hurmuzache, N. Ghica Com\u0103ne\u015fti, se \u00eent\u00e2lnir\u0103 la conacul din C\u0103iu\u0163i, unde au pus la punct un plan de organizare a unei mi\u015fc\u0103ri revolu\u0163ionare.<\/p>\n

La Bac\u0103u se a\u015ftepta semnalul! \u015ei iat\u0103 c\u0103 hatmanul Alecu Aslan, fost ispravnic al Bac\u0103ului \u015fi sp\u0103tarul Dimitrie Cracte, cunoscu\u0163i de o suit\u0103 de revolu\u0163ionari printre care \u015fi Zaharachi Moldoveanul \u201ebontu\u015fnic”, instituiesc la Bac\u0103u \u201eo c\u00e2rmire de ob\u015fte”, adic\u0103 o… form\u0103 de republic\u0103! Se adunar\u0103 dis-de-diminea\u0163\u0103 la casa lui Mavromati Sion. Dreg\u00e2ndu-\u015fi glasul, hatmanul Alecu Aslan desp\u0103turi o h\u00e2rtie mare de pe pare \u00eencepu a citi: \u201eB\u0103rba\u0163i b\u0103c\u0103uani, trezi\u0163i-v\u0103, ave\u0163i mil\u0103 de voi, de averile voastre \u015fi de viitorimea voastr\u0103. Noi, b\u0103c\u0103uanii cerem siguran\u0163a persoanei, \u00eembun\u0103t\u0103\u0163irea soartei \u0163\u0103ranilor, eliberarea de\u0163inu\u0163ilor politici, reform\u0103 \u015fcolar\u0103 pe temelie larg\u0103 na\u0163ional\u0103. Cerem alegerea unui domn patriot \u015fi de aceea lua\u0163i pild\u0103 de la neamurile luminate ce \u00ee\u015fi rostesc cugetarea \u00een slobozenie f\u0103r\u0103 a se teme de despotismul lui vod\u0103. Armata moldovean\u0103 este a vostr\u0103, pentru voi, iar ofi\u0163erii sunt lumina\u0163i \u015fi buni patrio\u0163i. To\u0163i a\u015fteapt\u0103 baterea ceasului \u015fi a unui clopot de unire spre \u00eendreptare. De aceea voi b\u0103rba\u0163i lumina\u0163i ai Bac\u0103ului, pentru fericirea norodului, declar\u0103m Republica Bac\u0103u! „<\/em> Ridic\u0103 sabia \u015fi strig\u0103: \u201eTr\u0103iasc\u0103 Republica Bac\u0103u!”<\/em><\/p>\n

Un \u201eura” detun\u0103tor se rostogoli peste \u00eentreaga a\u015fezare de se zguduir\u0103 geamurile la ferestre. Trompetele sunar\u0103, cei 30 de ofi\u0163eri \u015fi solda\u0163i se aliniar\u0103 \u015fi cu steagul desf\u0103\u015furat defilar\u0103 pe Uli\u0163a cea mare, urma\u0163i de negustori, \u0163\u0103rani \u015fi fire\u015fte copii. Tot timpul s-a strigat: \u201eTr\u0103iasc\u0103 Republica Bac\u0103u!” <\/em>Spre sear\u0103 armata \u201eRepublicii Bac\u0103u” lu\u0103 pozi\u0163ie de lupt\u0103 pe C\u00e2mpul Po\u015ftei, a\u015ftept\u00e2ndu-se la o confruntare cu trupele lui Mihai Sturza.<\/p>\n

Desigur, la pu\u0163in timp urechile auzir\u0103 \u015ftirea incredibil\u0103 c\u0103 Bac\u0103ul a devenit… Republic\u0103! Imediat din Ia\u015fi pornir\u0103 trupele fidele lui Sturza” s\u0103 \u00een\u0103bu\u015fe mica Republic\u0103 b\u0103c\u0103uan\u0103. Nu le-a fost prea greu. Era a doua \u201eputernic\u0103 tulburare” de la Bac\u0103u. Prima avususe loc \u00een august 1847, cu agita\u0163ii ale \u0163\u0103ranilor, t\u00e2rgove\u0163ilor, dar \u015fi ale boierimii. Printre boierii nemul\u0163umi\u0163i de domnia lui Sturza se aflau: sp\u0103tarul S\u0103ndulache Sturza, clucerul Tudorache Codreanu, pitarul Zaharachi Moldoveanu \u015fi… hatmanul Alecu Aslan.<\/p>\n

Alecu Aslan? Acest boier care avea s\u0103 fie \u015fi \u201ePre\u015fedintele Republicii Bac\u0103u”, se tr\u0103gea din ramura domneasc\u0103 a lui Gheorghe \u015etefan, domn al Moldovei (1653 -1658). Constantin Aslan \u015fi fiul s\u0103u Alecu Aslan Ceaurul au st\u0103p\u00e2nit printre altele \u015fi mo\u015fia One\u015fti. Alecu Aslan va de\u0163ine diferite ranguri de boierii, printre care \u015fi cea de hatman. Are idei progresiste pentru timpul s\u0103u. Pragul conacului s\u0103u este trecut de marile personalit\u0103\u0163i ale vremii: Mihail Kog\u0103lniceanu, Vasile Alecsandri, Costache Negri, R\u0103ducanu Rosetti. La One\u015fti va ridica o moar\u0103 \u00een 1842 folosit\u0103 chiar p\u00e2n\u0103 \u00een 1962 \u015fi o biseric\u0103 de zid – \u201eSf. Nicolae”-la 1843.<\/p>\n

Ce va face Alecu Aslan? El \u015ftia foarte bine c\u0103 armata Moldovei num\u0103ra 600 de infanteri\u015fti, 200 de l\u0103ncieri c\u0103lare \u015fi o artilerie de un tun! Mihail Sturza pusese ca hatman, \u00een 1844, pe fiul s\u0103u Dimitrie, care abia se \u00eentorsese de la studii din Paris cu fratele s\u0103u Grigore, viitorul \u015fi celebrul \u201eBeizadea Vi\u0163el”, \u00ee\u015fi preg\u0103te\u015fte ost\u0103\u015fe\u015fte \u00eent\u0103ririle, aprovizionarea \u015fi completarea efectivelor. \u00centre timp, iscoadele \u00eei aduc ve\u015fti nepl\u0103cute de la Ia\u015fi. Beizadea Grigore reu\u015fise, cu 50 de l\u0103ncieri \u015fi micul s\u0103u tun, pe 28 martie, s\u0103 \u00eencercuiasc\u0103 casa lui Alexandru Mavrocordat, aflat\u0103 \u201e\u00een apropierea barierii Copoului” \u015fi s\u0103 trimit\u0103 \u00een surghiunuri o parte din boierii aduna\u0163i aici. Era clar c\u0103 spre el va veni \u201eo armat\u0103” condus\u0103 de experimentatul beizadea Grigore. \u00cemparte s\u0103bii, suli\u0163e, pistoale, dar \u015fi o pu\u015fc\u0103-trombon.<\/p>\n

Alecu Aslan nu era un necunosc\u0103tor al tainelor r\u0103zboiului. \u015etia foarte bine c\u0103 micul s\u0103u grup nu rezista foarte mult unei armate regulate. Principalul s\u0103u sprijin erau, cum pu\u0163ini cunosc, venirea a cel pu\u0163in 300 de \u015favg\u0103i, vesti\u0163ii t\u0103ietori de sare de la Tg. Ocna. Ordona\u0163i, obi\u015fnui\u0163i cu greut\u0103\u0163ile, av\u00e2nd o arm\u0103 \u00een m\u00e2n\u0103, ace\u015ftia puteau oric\u00e2nd \u00eentoarce sor\u0163ii luptei. Ace\u015ftia erau cei mai nemul\u0163umi\u0163i.<\/p>\n

Vod\u0103 \u00eentrune\u015fte o comisie care a hot\u0103r\u00e2t ca \u015favg\u0103ii revolta\u0163i s\u0103 fie surghiuni\u0163i… Fire\u015fte, Alecu Aslan, bine cunosc\u0103tor a lor, i-a chemat \u00een ajutor. E martie, o zi cu soare. Dinspre Roman se aud tr\u00e2mbi\u0163e, porunci \u015fi tropote de cai. O mic\u0103 armat\u0103 moldoveana condus\u0103 de beizadea Grigore \u015fi urmat\u0103 de tun, \u00eenainteaz\u0103 spre Bac\u0103u. Alecu Aslan se uit\u0103 \u00eentreb\u0103tor la Zaharachi Moldoveanu: \u201eVor veni ajutoarele, \u015favg\u0103ii?”<\/em> Sose\u015fte un trimis al beizadelei cu mesajul de a se preda de \u00eendat\u0103. Republicanii refuz\u0103. R\u0103sun\u0103 ordine, armata se desf\u0103\u015foar\u0103, la tun se pune fitilul. O bubuitur\u0103 r\u0103sun\u0103 peste \u00eentindere, apoi r\u0103p\u0103it de pu\u015fti. Peste pu\u0163in timp superioritatea armatei moldovene \u00ee\u015fi spune cuv\u00e2ntul. Alecu Aslan se retrage \u00eencet, \u00eencet. Poate va veni ajutorul… Din nefericire va r\u0103m\u00e2ne o enigm\u0103, de ce \u015favg\u0103ii nu au sosit \u00een ajutor la Bac\u0103u. Firavele fortifica\u0163ii \u015fi micul grup al armatei b\u0103c\u0103uane fur\u0103 spulberate. Cu tot eroismul \u201erepublicanilor”, ei fur\u0103 \u00eencercui\u0163i \u015fi prin\u015fi. Hatmanul Alecu Aslan \u201epre\u015fedintele republicii” este prins, judecat pe loc \u015fi trimis \u00een lan\u0163uri \u00een beciurile umede ale M\u0103n\u0103stirii Ca\u015fin \u00eempreun\u0103 cu al\u0163i republicani.<\/p>\n

\u00cen fuga calului, o parte, printre care Zaharia Moldoveanu, reu\u015fesc s\u0103 se strecoare din \u00eencercuire \u015fi s\u0103 fug\u0103 prin codrii Bac\u0103ului, lu\u00e2nd calea exilului. Re\u00eentors, mai t\u00e2rziu va deveni unul din cei mai vesti\u0163i poli\u0163i\u015fti ai urbei. Astfel se \u00eencheia \u015fi aici, la Bac\u0103u, un episod din mi\u015fcarea revolu\u0163ionar\u0103 din 1848.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Eugen \u015eendrea \u00een minunata sa carte „Istoria pe placul tuturor” ne poveste\u015fte un episod mai pu\u0163in cunoscut de c\u0103tre noi to\u0163i: faptul c\u0103 \u00een anul 1848, la Bac\u0103u era pe punctul s\u0103 se instaureze o republic\u0103! \u00cen anul 1848, Bac\u0103ul … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":11883,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[3093,3095,329,1532,1200,377,3094,136],"class_list":["post-11882","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-bacau","tag-beizadea-vitel","tag-iasi","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-mihail-sturdza-voda","tag-moldova","tag-republica","tag-revolutie","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nRepublica Bac\u0103u! 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