{"id":101505,"date":"2026-01-29T20:47:50","date_gmt":"2026-01-29T18:47:50","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/?p=101505"},"modified":"2026-01-29T20:47:50","modified_gmt":"2026-01-29T18:47:50","slug":"o-noua-cercetare-arheologica-a-stabilit-marea-piramida-egipteana-a-fost-construita-in-jurul-anului-20-000-i-hr-nu-in-anul-2560-i-hr-cum-spune-istoria-oficiala","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/o-noua-cercetare-arheologica-a-stabilit-marea-piramida-egipteana-a-fost-construita-in-jurul-anului-20-000-i-hr-nu-in-anul-2560-i-hr-cum-spune-istoria-oficiala\/","title":{"rendered":"O nou\u0103 cercetare arheologic\u0103 a stabilit: Marea Piramid\u0103 egiptean\u0103 a fost construit\u0103 \u00een jurul anului 20.000 \u00ee.Hr., nu \u00een anul 2560 \u00ee.Hr. cum spune istoria oficial\u0103"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"\"<\/a>
Imagine:<\/strong> pixabay.com<\/strong><\/a> (Commons Creative – free)<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Un studiu preliminar recent publicat a reaprins una dintre cele mai persistente controverse ale arheologiei: c\u00e2nd a fost construit\u0103 de fapt Marea Piramid\u0103 din Giza<\/strong>? \u00centr-o lucrare publicat\u0103 \u00een ianuarie 2026, inginerul italian Alberto Donini<\/strong> prezint\u0103 o abordare neconven\u021bional\u0103 de datare – cunoscut\u0103 sub numele de Metoda eroziunii relative<\/strong> (MER<\/strong>) – despre care sus\u021bine c\u0103 ar putea contesta cronologia acceptat\u0103 de mult timp, care plaseaz\u0103 construc\u021bia Piramidei lui Khufu \u00een jurul anului 2560 \u00ee.Hr. Conform calculelor lui Donini, modelele de eroziune de la baza piramidei ar putea sugera o dat\u0103 a construc\u021biei cu zeci de mii de ani mai devreme, posibil chiar din perioada Paleoliticului t\u00e2rziu.<\/p>\n

Afirma\u021bia, dac\u0103 va fi justificat\u0103, ar avea implica\u021bii de amploare pentru istoria Egiptului antic \u0219i a civiliza\u021biei timpurii. Cu toate acestea, ridic\u0103 \u0219i \u00eentreb\u0103ri imediate despre metodologie, ipoteze \u0219i modul \u00een care astfel de rezultate ar trebui interpretate \u00een \u0219tiin\u021ba arheologic\u0103. \u00cen centrul lucr\u0103rii lui Donini se afl\u0103 MER – o metod\u0103 conceput\u0103 pentru a estima v\u00e2rsta structurilor de piatr\u0103 prin compararea eroziunii relative pe suprafe\u021bele de roc\u0103 adiacente realizate din acela\u0219i material \u0219i expuse aceluia\u0219i mediu.<\/p>\n

Logica este simpl\u0103. La Giza, o mare parte din Marea Piramid\u0103 a fost odat\u0103 acoperit\u0103 cu blocuri de calcar netede. Sursele istorice indic\u0103 faptul c\u0103 aceste pietre de \u00eenveli\u0219 au fost \u00eendep\u0103rtate sistematic \u0219i reutilizate \u00een Cairo dup\u0103 evenimente seismice majore – \u00een special \u00een urma puternicului cutremur din 1303 d.Hr. – \u0219i \u00een perioada mameluc\u0103. Aceasta \u00eenseamn\u0103 c\u0103 unele suprafe\u021be de calcar de la baza piramidei au fost expuse v\u00e2ntului, umezelii, s\u0103rurilor \u0219i traficului pietonal timp de aproximativ 675 de ani, \u00een timp ce suprafe\u021bele \u00eenvecinate au r\u0103mas expuse de la construc\u021bia ini\u021bial\u0103 a monumentului. Prin m\u0103surarea diferen\u021bei de eroziune dintre aceste dou\u0103 suprafe\u021be – sus\u021bine Donini – este posibil s\u0103 se calculeze c\u00e2t timp trebuie s\u0103 fi fost expuse suprafe\u021bele mai vechi.<\/p>\n

Studiul se concentreaz\u0103 pe 12 puncte de m\u0103surare din jurul bazei Marii Piramide. \u00cen fiecare punct, Donini a examinat eroziunea prin micile cavit\u0103\u021bi formate prin alterarea chimic\u0103 \u0219i fizic\u0103, precum \u015fi uzura uniform\u0103 a suprafe\u021bei, estim\u00e2nd volumul sau ad\u00e2ncimea materialului pierdut. Mai multe m\u0103sur\u0103tori sugereaz\u0103 o eroziune echivalent\u0103 cu o expunere de 20.000 p\u00e2n\u0103 la peste 40.000 de ani, \u00een timp ce media aritmetic\u0103 a tuturor celor 12 puncte produce un rezultat de aproximativ 24.900 de ani \u00eenainte de prezent, corespunz\u00e2nd cu anul aproximativ 22.900 \u00ee.Hr.<\/p>\n

Donini subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 MER nu are scopul de a oferi o dat\u0103 exact\u0103 de construc\u021bie. \u00cen schimb, estimeaz\u0103 un ordin de m\u0103rime. Pentru a aborda incertitudinea, studiul aplic\u0103 o analiz\u0103 statistic\u0103 de baz\u0103, calcul\u00e2nd o devia\u021bie standard \u0219i construind o curb\u0103 de probabilitate gaussian\u0103. Pe baza acestui model, raportul concluzioneaz\u0103 c\u0103 exist\u0103 o probabilitate de 68,2% ca Marea Piramid\u0103 s\u0103 fi fost construit\u0103 c\u00e2ndva \u00eentre anii 9.000 \u00ee.Hr. \u0219i 36.000 \u00ee.Hr., cea mai mare probabilitate fiind centrat\u0103 \u00een jurul anului 20.000 \u00ee.Hr. Autorul subliniaz\u0103 c\u0103 aceste concluzii sunt preliminare \u0219i invit\u0103 la m\u0103sur\u0103tori \u0219i colabor\u0103ri suplimentare.<\/p>\n

Lucrarea recunoa\u0219te deschis numero\u0219i factori care ar putea afecta ratele de eroziune \u00een timp. Condi\u021biile climatice din Egiptul antic erau probabil mai umede dec\u00e2t cele de ast\u0103zi, acceler\u00e2nd poten\u021bial eroziunea \u00een trecutul \u00eendep\u0103rtat. \u00cen schimb, poluarea modern\u0103 \u0219i ploile acide ar fi putut cre\u0219te ratele de eroziune \u00een ultimele secole, ceea ce ar putea denatura compara\u021biile. Activitatea uman\u0103 este un alt factor care complic\u0103 situa\u021bia. Baza Marii Piramide prime\u0219te acum mii de vizitatori zilnic, \u00een timp ce traficul pietonal din antichitate ar fi fost mult mai redus. \u00cengroparea periodic\u0103 a suprafe\u021belor de piatr\u0103 sub nisip – similar\u0103 cu ceea ce s-a \u00eent\u00e2mplat la Sfinx – ar fi putut, de asemenea, proteja p\u0103r\u021bi ale piramidei de eroziune pentru intervale lungi de timp. Din cauza acestor variabile, Donini sus\u021bine c\u0103 punctele individuale de m\u0103surare pot supraestima sau subestima v\u00e2rsta, dar c\u0103 medierea mai multor puncte reduce eroarea.<\/p>\n

Datele bazate pe MER contrasteaz\u0103 puternic cu cronologia egiptologic\u0103 conven\u021bional\u0103, care se bazeaz\u0103 pe \u00eenregistr\u0103ri istorice, inscrip\u021bii, urme de unelte, datarea cu radiocarbon a materialelor organice asociate \u0219i un context arheologic mai larg pentru a plasa domnia lui Khufu \u00een dinastia a patra a Vechiului Regat. Donini sugereaz\u0103 c\u0103 aceast\u0103 discrepan\u021b\u0103 ar putea \u00eensemna c\u0103 piramida este anterioar\u0103 lui Khufu \u0219i a fost doar renovat\u0103 sau reutilizat\u0103 \u00een timpul domniei sale – o ipotez\u0103 prezent\u0103 de mult timp \u00een literatura alternativa, dar respins\u0103 de istoria tradi\u021bional\u0103.<\/p>\n

Sursa:<\/strong> studiul \u015ftiin\u0163ific „Preliminary Report on the Absolute Dating of the Khufu Pyramid Using the Relative Erosion Method (REM)” \/ researchgate.net<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Un studiu preliminar recent publicat a reaprins una dintre cele mai persistente controverse ale arheologiei: c\u00e2nd a fost construit\u0103 de fapt Marea Piramid\u0103 din Giza? \u00centr-o lucrare publicat\u0103 \u00een ianuarie 2026, inginerul italian Alberto Donini prezint\u0103 o abordare neconven\u021bional\u0103 de … <\/p>\n

Cititi mai multe<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":101506,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[559,55,3756,7627,1331,386,7495,385,4609,1532,7421,7659,5585,1040,3557,4330],"class_list":["post-101505","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-istorie","tag-antichitate","tag-arheologie","tag-cairo","tag-calcar","tag-cutremur","tag-egipt","tag-eroziune","tag-faraon","tag-inginer","tag-istorie-si-civilizatii","tag-khufu","tag-marea-piramida","tag-paleolitic","tag-piramida","tag-sfinx","tag-vant","resize-featured-image"],"yoast_head":"\nO nou\u0103 cercetare arheologic\u0103 a stabilit: Marea Piramid\u0103 egiptean\u0103 a fost construit\u0103 \u00een jurul anului 20.000 \u00ee.Hr., nu \u00een anul 2560 \u00ee.Hr. cum spune istoria oficial\u0103 - Secretele lui Lovendal<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.lovendal.ro\/wp52\/o-noua-cercetare-arheologica-a-stabilit-marea-piramida-egipteana-a-fost-construita-in-jurul-anului-20-000-i-hr-nu-in-anul-2560-i-hr-cum-spune-istoria-oficiala\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ro_RO\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"O nou\u0103 cercetare arheologic\u0103 a stabilit: Marea Piramid\u0103 egiptean\u0103 a fost construit\u0103 \u00een jurul anului 20.000 \u00ee.Hr., nu \u00een anul 2560 \u00ee.Hr. cum spune istoria oficial\u0103\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Un studiu preliminar recent publicat a reaprins una dintre cele mai persistente controverse ale arheologiei: c\u00e2nd a fost construit\u0103 de fapt Marea Piramid\u0103 din Giza? \u00centr-o lucrare publicat\u0103 \u00een ianuarie 2026, inginerul italian Alberto Donini prezint\u0103 o abordare neconven\u021bional\u0103 de ... 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